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  4,4'-Dimethylbenzene sulfoxide (DMSO) is a sulfoxide compound. Representative marketed drugs containing a sulfoxide skeleton include esomeprazole (A. Aktiebolag, US5877192A, 1998), used to treat gastrointestinal disorders, and modafinil (LLLafon, US4927855A, 1990), used clinically to treat narcolepsy and anorexia. Due to their structural diversity and significant biological functions, the synthesis of sulfoxides has attracted widespread attention from organic synthetic chemists and pharmacologists. Furthermore, sulfoxide compounds possess important biological activities; by modifying their structure, their pharmacological activity can be enhanced, such as anti-ulcer, antiviral, anti-HIV-1, and antitumor effects. In the pesticide field, sulfoxide compounds offer advantages such as low dosage and low pollution as fungicides and herbicides. Sulfoxides, containing semi-polar groups, are neutral, soft-base extractants with a special affinity for noble metals in soft acids, resulting in high extraction rates and good selectivity. Furthermore, sulfoxides are important components of many natural products and pharmaceutical intermediates. Therefore, developing efficient and rapid methods for synthesizing sulfoxides is of great significance and remains a hot research area.;

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