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Insecticide.

A poison by inhalation. Moderately toxic by ingestion.

Spinosad is a naturally-occurring insecticide found in the the soil bacterium S. spinosa. It is a mixture of the macrocyclic lactones spinosyn A (Item No. 16528) and spinosyn D (Item No. 19158), which act as agonists of insect nicotinic acetylcholinesterase receptors (nAChRs). Oral administration of spinosad induces toxicity in fruit flies including C. capitata, B. curcurbitae, and B. dorsalis (LC₅₀s = 2.8-4.2, 4.3-5.5, and 3.1-3.3 μg/ml, respectively) but has low toxicity in vertebrates. It also inhibits canine P-glycoprotein (P-gp; IC₅₀ = 0.2 μg/ml). Formulations containing spinosad have been used in the agricultural and veterinary control of insects.

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[3] JOHN D STARK  Neil M  Roger Vargas. Toxicity of spinosad in protein bait to three economically important tephritid fruit fly species (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae).[J]. Journal of Economic Entomology, 2004, 97 3: 911-915. DOI: 10.1603/0022-0493(2004)097[0911:tosipb]2.0.co;2
[4] T S AMARAL. Short-term effects of a spinosyn’s family insecticide on energy metabolism and liver morphology in frugivorous bats Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818).[J]. Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2012, 72 2: 299-304. DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842012000200010
[5] SCHRICKX J A. Spinosad is a potent inhibitor of canine P-glycoprotein[J]. Veterinary journal, 2014, 200 1: Pages 195-196. DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.01.012