149-29-1

Spergillus and Penicillium species. Patulin is also an animal carcinogen, inhibits K1-uptake into erythrocytes, and inhibits various forms of Na1/K1-ATPase.

white crystals or fine crystalline powder

An inhibitor of protein prenylation

Patulin (PAT), a mycotoxin produced by certain species of Penicillium, Aspergillus, and Byssochlamys, is mainly found in ripe apple and apple products.

ChEBI: A furopyran and lactone that is 2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is syubstituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give he corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.

Crystallise patulin from *C6H6, Et2O, EtOH or chloroform. It sublimes at 90o/high vacuum [Bergel et al. J Chem Soc 415 1944]. [Beilstein 18 III/IV 1184, 18/3 V 5.] (Highly TOXIC).

1) Jin et al. (2016), p53 activation contributes to patulin-induced nephrotoxicity via modulation of reactive oxygen species generation; Sci. Rep., 6 24455 2) Zouaoui et al. (2016), Cytotoxic effects induced by patulin, sterigmatocystin and beauvericin on CHO-K1 cells; Food Chem. Toxicol., 89 92 3) Boussabbeh et al. (2016), Tissue oxidative stress induced by patulin and protective effect of crocin; Neurotoxicology, 53 343 4) Pillay et al. (2015), Patulin triggers NRF2-meditated survival mechanisms in kidney cells; Toxicon, 99 1 5) Boussabbeh et al. (2015), Patulin induces apoptosis through ROS-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway; Toxicol. Sci., 144 328