Chemical Properties
white powder
Uses
Cytochalasin A is one of a family of potent mycotoxins produced by several species of fungi. All members of the class exhibit profound effects on cytoskeletal proteins, giving rise to pronounced morphogenic activity in animals and plants. Like most cytochalasins, cytochalasin A exhibits potent inhibition of actin filament function leading to cell death by apoptosis and displays a broad range of resultant cellular actions. Despite the common mode of action, there is evidence that individual members of the class display diverse selectivity. Specifically, cytochalasin A is one of the few cytochalasins active against HIV-1 protease.
Uses
Cytochalasin A is one of a family of potent mycotoxins produced by several species of fungi. All members of the class exhibit profound effects on cytoskeletal proteins, giving rise to pronounced morphogenic activity in animals and plants. Like most cytochalsins, cytochalasin A exhibits potent inhibition of actin filament function leading to cell death by apoptosis, and displays a broad range of resultant cellular actions. Despite the common mode of action, there is evidence that individual members of the class display diverse selectivity. Specifically, cytochalasin A is one of the few cytochalasins exhibiting activity against HIV-1 protease.
Description
The cytochalasins are cell-permeable fungal metabolites which inhibit actin polymerization. This interferes with such diverse processes as cell movement, growth, phagocytosis, degranulation, and secretion. Cytochalasin A is an oxidized analog of cytochalasin B which uniquely inhibits HIV-1 protease (IC50 = 3 μM). Cytochalasins A and B differ from other cytochalasins in being able to rapidly and reversibly inhibit glucose transport by competitively binding glucose transporters (Ki = 4.0 and 0.6 μM, respectively). Cytochalasin A also induces the phosphorylation of the tyrosine phosphatase PTP3 of Dictyostelium, activating STATc.
Definition
ChEBI: Cytochalasin A is a cytochalasin.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Cytochalasin A reacts with sulfhydryls, and inhibits growth and glucose transport in Saccharomyces. Cytochalasin A is an oxidizing analog of cytochalsin B.
References
[1] R B LINGHAM. L-696,474, a novel cytochalasin as an inhibitor of HIV-1 protease. III. Biological activity.[J]. Journal of Antibiotics, 1992, 45 5: 686-691. DOI:
10.7164/antibiotics.45.686[2] TSUYOSHI ARAKI Jeffrey G W. Perturbations of the actin cytoskeleton activate a Dictyostelium STAT signalling pathway[J]. European journal of cell biology, 2012, 91 5: Pages 420-425. DOI:
10.1016/j.ejcb.2012.01.002
