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Testosterone 3-(O-carboxymethyl)oxime has been used to prepare horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-labeled testosterone to measure plasma testosterone concentration by enzyme immunoassay.

Androgens direct the development of male reproductive system and secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone is an androgen that is secreted by the testis. This hormone is converted to dihydrotestosterone (DHT) by 5α reductase in the target tissues. Both DHT and testosterone require androgen receptor, a ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factor to mediate their biological functions.