Pyrantel pamoate

Химические свойства

Pale yellow or yellow powder.

Использование

An antiparasitic agent used in the treatment of intestinal parasites such as hookworms and roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides, aka ascarids in humans) in domesticated animals such as horses, cattle, sheep, pigs, cats, dogs, and many other species.

Показания

Pyrantel pamoate (Antiminth) is a agonist at the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, and its actions result in depolarization and spastic paralysis of the helminth muscle. Its selective toxicity occurs primarily because the neuromuscular junction of helminth muscle is more sensitive to the drug than is mammalian muscle. This drug is administered orally, and because very little is absorbed, high levels are achieved in the intestinal tract. Less than 15% of the drug and its metabolites are excreted in urine.

Общее описание

Odorless light yellow to tan crystalline powder. Tasteless. Used medicinally against nematodes in animals.

Реакции воздуха и воды

May be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air and light . Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Pyrantel pamoate may react with acids to liberate heat. May react exothermically enough with strong oxidizing acids to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated with caustic solutions. Generates flammable or toxic gases with alkali metals and hydrides and other reducing agents.

Пожароопасность

Flash point data for Pyrantel pamoate are not available; however, Pyrantel pamoate is probably combustible.

Клиническое использование

Trans-1,4,5,6,-Tetrahydro-1-methyl-2-[2-(2 -thienyl)ethenyl]pyrimidine pamoate (Antiminth) is a depolarizing neuromuscularblocking agent that causes spastic paralysis insusceptible helminths. It is used in the treatment of infestationscaused by pinworms and roundworms (ascariasis).Because its action opposes that of piperazine, the twoanthelmintics should not be used together. More than halfof the oral dose is excreted in the feces unchanged.Adverse effects associated with its use are primarilygastrointestinal.

Побочные эффекты

Pyrantel pamoate is active against several roundworms: A. lumbricoides, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and E. vermicularis. Pyrantel is an alternative drug of choice in treating infections with A. lumbricoides, E. vermicularis (pinworms), and hookworms (N. americanus and A. duodenale). It is not recommended for pregnant patients or for children under age 1 year.
Although most of the drug remains in the intestinal lumen, enough can be absorbed systemically to cause headache, dizziness, and drowsiness. No major adverse effects have been reported on renal, hepatic, or hematological systems.