Тиоацетамид

Описание

Thioacetamide (TAA) is not known to occur in nature. It is prepared by heating ammonium acetate and aluminum sulfide.

Химические свойства

Thioacetamide is combustible, crystalline compound. Slight mercaptan odor.

Использование

Thioacetamide is a carcinogen, a hepatotoxicant. Thioacetamide induces acute chronic liver injury through the activation of protein synthesis of RNA, DNA, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptitase. Thioacetamide has been used in the synthesis of [email?protected] nano-array core-shell structure.

Определение

ChEBI: A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur.

Общее описание

White crystals with a mercaptan odor.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Slightly water soluble.

Профиль реактивности

Thioacetamide reacts with aqueous acid to generate hydrogen sulfide. Forms addition compounds and sulfides with salts of heavy metals. Hydrolyzed by acids or bases .

Опасность

Toxic by ingestion and inhalation, a possible carcinogen.

Пожароопасность

Flash point data on Thioacetamide are not available; Thioacetamide is probably combustible.

Профиль безопасности

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplas tigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. Poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. Human mutation data reported. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Exposure has caused liver damage. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx. See also SULFIDES and MERCAPTANS.

Возможный контакт

Thioacetamide is used as a replacement for hydrogen sulfide in qualitative analyses. Thioacetamide has been used as an organic solvent in the leather, textile, and paper industries; as an accelerator in the vulcanization of buna rubber; and as a stabilizer of motor fuel.

Канцерогенность

Thioacetamide is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Экологическая судьба

TAA’s production and use as a substitute for hydrogen sulfide in the laboratory may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. If released to air, TAA’s estimated vapor pressure indicates that it will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase TAA will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 18 h. TAA was not biodegraded by activated sludge after 5 days, and therefore may be resistant to biodegradation in the environment. Hydrolysis is not expected since amides hydrolyze very slowly under environmental conditions. An estimated bioconcentration factor for TAA suggests that the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. TAA is expected to be highly mobile in soil, and to volatilize into the atmosphere from moist soil surfaces. In an aquatic environment, most of the substance will leave via volatilization and is not expected to adsorb to solids.

Перевозки

UN2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.

Методы очистки

Crystallise the amide from absolute diethyl ether or *benzene. Dry it at 70o in a vacuum and store it over P2O5 at 0o under nitrogen. (It develops an obnoxious odour on storage, and absorption at 269nm decreases, hence it should be freshly recrystallised before use). [Beilstein 2 IV 565.]

Несовместимости

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.

Утилизация отходов

Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Treatment in an incinerator, boiler or cement kiln.