Самарий
- английское имяSAMARIUM
- CAS №7440-19-9
- CBNumberCB7493078
- ФормулаSm
- мольный вес150.36
- EINECS231-128-7
- номер MDLMFCD00011233
- файл Mol7440-19-9.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 1074 °C (lit.) |
| Температура кипения | 1794 °C (lit.) |
| плотность | 7.47 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| температура хранения | Store below +30°C. |
| форма | powder |
| Удельный вес | 7.4 |
| цвет | Silvery-gray |
| РН | 0.5 (20°C in H2O) |
| удельное сопротивление | 91.4 μΩ-cm, 0°C |
| Растворимость в воде | Insoluble in water. |
| Чувствительный | Air & Moisture Sensitive |
| Мерк | 13,8425 |
| Пределы воздействия | ACGIH: TWA 2 ppm; STEL 4 ppm OSHA: TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3) NIOSH: IDLH 25 ppm; TWA 2 ppm(5 mg/m3); STEL 4 ppm(10 mg/m3) |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 7440-19-9(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 1 |
| FDA UNII | 42OD65L39F |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Samarium (7440-19-9) |
| UNSPSC Code | 41116107 |
| NACRES | NA.24 |
больше
| Коды опасности | F,R,Xn | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 11-15-33 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 16-30-33 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | UN 3089 4.1/PG 3 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 3 | |||||||||
| F | 1-10 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| Класс опасности | 4.2 | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | I | |||||||||
| кода HS | 28053019 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 7440-19-9(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
|
рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
предупреждение
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вредная бумага
H228：Воспламеняющееся твердое вещество.
H261：При контакте с водой выделяет воспламеняющиеся газы.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P231+P232：Обращаться с продуктом и хранить его в атмосфере инертного газа . Беречь от влаги.
P240：Заземлить и электрически соединить контейнер и приемное оборудование.
P241：Использовать взрывобезопасное оборудование и освещение.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P370+P378：При пожаре тушить сухим песком, сухим химическим порошком или спиртостойкой пеной.
Самарий химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
silvery grey powderФизические свойства
Samarium is a hard, brittle, silver-white metal. When freshly cut, it does not tarnish significantlyunder normal room temperature conditions. Four of its isotopes are radioactive andemit alpha particles (helium nuclei). They are Sm-146, Sm-147, Sm-148, and Sm-149.Its melting point is 1,074°C, its boiling point is 1,794°C, and its density is 7.52g.cm3.
Изотопы
There are 41 known isotopes of samarium. Seven of these are consideredstable. Sm-144 makes up just 3.07% of the natural occurring samarium, Sm-150 makesup 7.38% of natural samarium found on Earth, Sm-152 constitutes 26.75%, and Sm-154 accounts for 22.75%. All the remaining isotopes are radioactive and have very longhalf-lives; therefore, they are considered “stable.” All three contribute to the natural occurrenceof samarium: Sm-147 = 14.99%, Sm-148 = 11.24%, and Sm-149 = 13.82%.Samarium is one of the few elements with several stable isotopes that occur naturallyon Earth.
Происхождение имени
It is named after the mineral samarskite.Вхождение
Samarium is the 39th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust and the fifth in abundance(6.5 ppm) of all the rare-earths. In 1879 samarium was first identified in the mineralsamarskite [(Y, Ce U, Fe)3 (Nb, Ta, Ti5)O16]. Today, it is mostly produced by the ion-exchangeprocess from monazite sand. Monazite sand contains almost all the rare-earths, 2.8% of whichis samarium. It is also found in the minerals gadolinite, cerite, and samarskite in South Africa,South America, Australia, and the southeastern United States. It can be recovered as a byproductof the fission process in nuclear reactors.Характеристики
Samarium is somewhat resistant to oxidation in air but will form a yellow oxide over time. Itignites at the rather low temperature of 150°C. It is an excellent reducing agent, releases hydrogenwhen immersed in water, and has the capacity to absorb neutrons in nuclear reactors.Использование
Samarium is easy to magnetize, but very difficult to demagnetize. This makes it ideal forthe manufacture of permanent magnets (SmCo5) that are part of the hard disks for computers.Samarium is also used as a neutron absorber in nuclear reactors, as well as for lasers andmetallurgical research. It makes up about 1% of the metals in misch metal, an alloy in cigarettelighter flints. It is also one of several rare-earths used in floodlights and carbon-arc lights usedby the motion picture industry. Samarium is used as a catalyst in several industries, includingthe dehydrogenation of ethanol alcohol.Определение
A silvery element of the lanthanoid series of metals. It occurs in association with other lanthanoids. Samarium is used in the metallurgical, glass, and nuclear industries. Symbol: Sm; m.p. 1077°C; b.p. 1791°C; r.d. 7.52 (20°C); p.n. 62; r.a.m. 150.36.Опасность
The salts of samarium are toxic if ingested. These salts react with water, liberating hydrogen,which may explode.Самарий запасные части и сырье
Самарий поставщик
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