Спермидин тригидрохлорид

Описание

Spermidine trihydrochloride is a polyamine that inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) and binds and precipitates DNA. It may be used to purify DNA binding proteins. Additionally, spermidine stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity. It is involved in growth, development, and the stress response in plants.

Химические свойства

Spermidine trihydrochloride appears as white to off-white crystalline powder, which is soluble in water(100mg/ml-clear, colorless solution), very hygroscopic, and air-sensitive.

Химическая реактивность

Spermidine hydrochloride is a white crystal at normal temperature and pressure. It is the hydrochloride form of spermidine.When it is used, it is often reacted with alkali to release a triamine structure.

Использование

Spermidine Trihydrochloride is a NOS1 inhibitor and NMDA and T4 activator. Polyamine that plays an important role in the regulation of cellular proliferation and differentiation. It was in a structural and functional study of polyamines, where potassium and sodium ions were found to promote different effects when binding with polyamines. Spermidine trihydrochloride has been used in fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)characterization and in zeta-potential measurements.

преимущество

Spermidine trihydrochloride has been extensively studied for its potential health benefits, including its ability to modulate autophagy, enhance cardiovascular health, protect against neurodegenerative diseases, and exhibit antioxidant activity. Studies have shown that it can enhance cardiovascular health by promoting blood vessel relaxation, reducing oxidative stress, and improving mitochondrial function. It has also been suggested to have neuroprotective effects and may contribute to cognitive health and brain function. It has shown promising results in preclinical studies, demonstrating its ability to protect neurons, reduce inflammation, and enhance cellular resilience.

Биологические функции

Spermidine inhibits NOS1 (nNOS). Spermidine binds and precipitates DNA and may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Spermidine activates PNK (polynucleotide kinase T4). Spermidine binds to and activates NMDA and has been shown to potentiate NMDA-induced currents in a concentration-dependent manner.

Общее описание

Spermidine trihydrochloride is the hydrochloric acid neutralized salt of spermidine. Spermidine is a polyamine and a trivalent organic cation. It is a natural polyamine that stimulates cytoprotective macroautophagy/autophagy. External supplementation of spermidine extends lifespan and health span across species, including in yeast, nematodes, flies and mice. Spermidine trihydrochloride is a more stable form because spermidine is very air sensitive.

Биологическая активность

Binds to the polyamine modulatory site of the NMDA receptor and has been described as an agonist based on its ability to enhance the binding of [ 3 H]-MK801.
Spermidine trihydrochloride is an aliphatic polyamine. Its crystalline structure has been studied. It has been reported to preserve the nuclei and prevent proteolytic degradation of histones during the macronuclei isolation from Tetrahymena pyriformis.

Методы очистки

Recrystallise the salt from dry 3% HCl in ethanol and adding dry Et2O if necessary. Filter it off rapidly and dry it in a vacuum desiccator. Alternatively centrifuge the crystals off, wash them with dry Et2O and dry them in a vacuum. [Beilstein 4 IV 1300.]