1-октен

Химические свойства

colourless liquid

Физические свойства

Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a mild but unpleasant hydrocarbon odor. Based on a triangle bag odor method, an odor threshold concentration of 1.0 ppb_v was reported by Nagata and Takeuchi (1990).

Использование

1-Octene acts as a comonomer used in the preparation of polyethylene, especially high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and linear low-density polyethylene(LLDPE) resins. It is also used in organic synthesis, surfactants and plasticizers. Further, it is used in process regulators and viscosity adjustors. In addition to this, it is used in the preparation of linear aldehyde through the oxo synthesis (hydroformylation) to get the nonanal.

Определение

ChEBI: An octene with an unsaturation C-1.

Методы производства

Production method: 1) from Allyl chloride and n-Amyl magnesium bromide. 2) from Octanol with Iodine and red phosphorus. 3) from Monosodium acetylene with Octyl iodide in liquid Ammonia at 40” C. under pressure.

Общее описание

A colorless liquid. Flash point 70°F. Insoluble in water and less dense (at about 6 lb / gal) than water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air and may settle in depressions. Reported to biodegrade very slowly. Used in organic synthesis, surfactants, and plasticizers.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

1-OCTENE may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas. In the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators, may undergo exothermic addition polymerization reactions.

Угроза здоровью

Generally low toxicity. Mildly anesthetic at high vapor concentrations. May irritate eyes.

Экологическая судьба

Biological. Biooxidation of 1-octene may occur yielding 7-octen-1-ol, which may oxidize to 7- octenoic acid (Dugan, 1972).
Photolytic. Atkinson and Carter (1984) reported a rate constant of 8.1 x 10^-18 cm³/molecule?sec for the reaction of 1-octene and OH radicals in the atmosphere.
Chemical/Physical. The reaction of ozone and OH radicals with 1-octene was studied in a flexible outdoor Teflon chamber (Paulson and Seinfeld, 1992). 1-Octene reacted with ozone producing heptanal, a thermally stabilized C7 biradical, and hexane at yields of 80, 10, and 1%, respectively. With OH radicals, only 15% of 1-octene was converted to heptanal. In both reactions, the remaining compounds were tentatively identified as alkyl nitrates (Paulson and Seinfeld, 1977). Grosjean et al. (1996) investigated the atmospheric chemistry of 1-octene with ozone and an ozone-nitrogen oxide mixture under ambient conditions. The reaction of 1-octene and ozone in the dark yielded formaldehyde, hexanal, heptanal, cyclohexanone, and a compound tentatively identified as 2-oxoheptanal. The sunlight irradiation of 1-octene with ozone-nitrogen oxide yielded the following carbonyls: formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propanal, 2-butanone, butanal, pentanal, glyoxal, hexanal, heptanal, and pentanal.
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water.

Методы очистки

Distil 1-octene under nitrogen from sodium which removes water and peroxides. Peroxides can also be removed by percolation through dried, acid washed, alumina. Store it under N2, or Ar in the dark. [Strukul & Michelin J Am Chem Soc 107 7563 1985, Beilstein 1 H 221, 1 II 199, 1 IV 874.]