Дилаурил пероксид

Химические свойства

Dilauroyl peroxide (Lauroyl peroxide) is a tasteless, coarse, white powder. Dilauroyl peroxide is not a deflagration hazard. However, it has been judged an intermediate fire hazard by Noller et al.  When all the physical tests available for this peroxide are evaluated collectively, it actually ranks as a low physical hazard .

Использование

Dilauroyl peroxide is produced by reaction of lauroyl chloride with sodium peroxide. Its major use is as an initiator for vinyl chloride. It is used as a polymerization agent in the plastics industry and as a curing agent for rubber. It has also been used as a burnout agent for acetate yarns. The pharmaceutical industry uses it in topical creams in combination with antibiotics for acne treatment .

Подготовка

Dilauroyl peroxide is the symmetrical peroxide of lauric acid. It is produced by treating lauroyl chloride with hydrogen peroxide in the presence of base:
2C11H23COCl + H2O2+ 2NaOH → (C11H23CO2)2 + 2HCl

Общее описание

Dilauroyl peroxide appears as a white solid with a faint soapy odor. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Melting point 49 °C. Toxic by ingestion and inhalation. Strong skin irritant. Used as bleaching agent, drying agent for fats, oils and waxes, and as a polymerization catalyst.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Dilauroyl peroxide is an oxidizing agent. Can ignite organic materials; hence a dangerous fire and explosion risk [Hawley]. Strongly reduced material such as sulfides, nitrides, and hydrides may react explosively. Vigorous reactions with other reducing agents. With charcoal sometimes ignites. [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1194].

Угроза здоровью

Contact with liquid irritates eyes and skin. Ingestion causes irritation of mouth and stomach.

Пожароопасность

Behavior in Fire: Can increase the severity of a fire. Becomes sensitive to shock when hot. Containers may explode in a fire. May ignite or explode spontaneously if mixed with flammable materials.

Канцерогенность

The International Agency for Research on Cancer has evaluated the carcinogenicity of lauroyl peroxide. They classified it as a Group 3 material, which means there is limited or inadequate evidence for animals and inadequate or absent information for humans . The carcinogenicity of this peroxide has primarily been studied using skin applications. After a single topical application of 10, 20, or 40 mg of lauroyl peroxide, the epidermal thickness increased markedly. This hyperplasia was characterized by a sustained production of dark basal keratinocytes. This peroxide is inactive as a tumor initiator or as a complete carcinogen. However, it is as effective as benzoyl peroxide as a skin tumor promoter.

хранилище

Store in a well-ventilated, cool area, isolatedfrom other chemicals. It is shippedin fiber drums not exceeding 100 lb. Smallamounts may be shipped in 1-lb fiberboardboxes.

Методы очистки

Crystallise it from n-hexane or *benzene and store it below 0o. Potentially EXPLOSIVE. [cf Beilstein 2 IV 1102.]

Утилизация отходов

Although lauroyl peroxide is relatively lesshazardous, it is recommended that to handlespills and disposal, the same safety measuresbe followed as those for other hazardousorganic peroxides.