BITTER ORANGE

Описание

Refer to ORANGE BLOSSOMS, ABSOLUTE.

Химические свойства

Bitter orange oil is obtained by pressing fresh peel fromthe fruits of C. aurantium L. (Rutaceae). It is produced mainly in Mediterranean countries and is a pale yellow to yellowish-brown liquid with a slightly mandarin-like odor and a somewhat bitter aroma.
d²⁰₂₀ 0.840–0.860; n²⁰_D 1.472–1.476; α²⁰_D +88 ° to +98 °; evaporation residue: 3.5–6%; solubility: 1 vol in ≤8 vol. 90% ethanol. Composition by GC: limonene 93–95%; linalyl acetate 0.5–1%; decanal tr. ?0.3% (data of Mediterranean type; data for American and Equatorial type may differ slightly).
Although limonene is also the main component, at 92.95–95%, the content of other constituents differs from that of sweet orange oil; that is, its aldehyde content is lower and its ester (e.g., linalyl and geranyl acetate) content is higher.
In addition to the fruits, other parts of bitter orange tree, C. aurantium L., also serve for the production of fragrant raw materials: Neroli oil and orange flower absolute are obtained from the flowers, and the twigs and leaves yield the so-called petitgrain bigarade oil.
Worldwide production of bitter orange oil ismuch lower than that of other pressed peel oils. The preferred quality is produced in Spain (Seville bitter orange oil). Bitter orange oil is predominantly used for flavoring alcoholic beverages (liqueurs).

Физические свойства

Oil obtained by expression has a deep-yellow color.

Вхождение

Found in the fresh peel of the fruit Citrus aurantium Linne (Fam. Rutaceae).

Подготовка

By the expression of the fresh peel of the fruit, Citrus aurantium Linne, by various methods, without the use of heat.

Cостав эфирных масел

Dried flowers and leaves of bitter orange had a similar flavonoid pattern, but the flavonoid levels of flowers were higher than those of leaves. The mean levels of the principal flavonoid compounds were, respectively, total flavonoids 12.35 and 1.06%, neohesperidin 5.44 and 0.08%, naringin 1.93 and 0.06%, eriocitrin 0.38 and 0.25%.