Дигитоксин

Описание

Digitoxin is the most powerful and reliable of the glucosides which have been extracted from digitalis leave. It is a cardiac glycoside (CG). It is a cardiotonic drug, which exhibits cardiac and anti-cancer properties. Digitoxin inhibits nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling. It is used to treat congestive heart failure and cardiac arrhythmia. Digitoxin prevents microtubule formation.

Химические свойства

White Solid

Использование

Digitoxin has been used as a labeled drugs for binding sites on human serum albumin (HSA). It has also been used to test its anti-transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) activity.

Показания

Digitoxin (Dig) is an FDA approved drug for the treatment of cardiac disease.
Digitoxin is used for the treatment of heart failure, especially in people with impaired kidney function. It is also used to treat certain kinds of heart arrhythmia, such as atrial fibrillation.
Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmias). It also helps the heart work better and control heart rate. Digoxin may be used after a heart attack. This medication comes in various forms: tablet, capsule, or pediatric elixir (liquid). It is available under the brand names Lanoxin, Cardoxin, Digitek, Digox, and Lanoxicaps.

Общее описание

Odorless white or pale buff microcrystalline powder. Used as a cardiotonic drug.

Угроза здоровью

Material is bioactive and capable of causing cardiac arrythmias and electrolyte imbalances that may be fatal. Death is due to ventricular fibrillation or cardiac standstill. Material has a high toxicity hazard rating; it may cause death or permanent injury after a very short exposure. It is classified as super toxic; an estimated single lethal dose is 3-10 mg.

Пожароопасность

When heated to decomposition, DIGITOXIN emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.

Профиль безопасности

A deadly poison by most routes. Human systemic effects: arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, EKG changes, nausea or vomiting, paresthesia, pulse rate increase, thrombocytopenia. Human reproductive effects by ingestion: reduced viability of newborn. An eye irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also DIGITALIS.

Методы очистки

Digitoxin crystallises from MeOH, aqueous EtOH with 0.5 to 1 H2O and from H2O as the dihydrate. It also crystallises from CHCl3/Et2O as anhydrous crystals. The hydrate dehydrates at 120o/vacuum. Its solubility is 2.5% in CHCl3, 1.7% in EtOH, 0.25% in EtOAc, and 0.001% in H2O; and has E1cm 202.5 at 219-220nm (50% EtOH). [Stoll et al. Helv Chim Acta 37 1134 1954, Demoen & Janssen J Am Pharm Assoc 42 635 1953, Beilstein 18 IV 1478.]