1-Methyl-1-nitrosourea

Описание

Methylnitrosourea (MNU) is a methylated nitrosourea compound with alkylating,mutagenic, teratogenic, carcinogenic, and cytotoxic properties. The toxic effects of MNU are caused by the transfer of its methyl group to nucleobases in nucleic acids.

Химические свойства

Off-White to Pale Yellow Solid

Использование

Precursor of Diazomethane. It has a cytotoxicity effect. This product contains an undetermined amount of water

Общее описание

Pale yellow crystals or light yellow moist powder.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Sensitive to humidity and light when pure. Insoluble in water. Slowly decomposes in water. Alkaline hydrolysis produces a highly toxic, irritating and explosive gas.

Профиль реактивности

1-Methyl-1-nitrosourea is incompatible with strong acids and bases. Also incompatible with water and nucleophilic reagents. Alkaline hydrolysis produces a highly toxic, irritating and explosive gas. Can detonate with (potassium hydroxide + methylene chloride) .

Пожароопасность

Flash point data for 1-Methyl-1-nitrosourea are not available; however, 1-Methyl-1-nitrosourea is probably combustible.

Профиль безопасности

Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Explodes at room temperature. Can detonate with (KOH + CHzCh). When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.

Канцерогенность

N-Nitroso-N-methylurea is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

Экологическая судьба

There is no evidence that MNU has ever been produced or used commercially; therefore, no data from human case reports or epidemiological studies are available. MNU is available in small quantities for research purposes and may be released into the environment with laboratory waste. In air, MNU is expected to exist solely as a vapor with an estimated vapor pressure of 2.9×10^-2 mmHg at 25℃. Vapor-phase MNU is expected to degrade in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals with an estimated half-life of 10 days. MNU is expected to hydrolyze in moist soils; therefore, MNU adsorption and volatilization from soil are not expected to be prevalent. In water,MNUis expected to hydrolyze and has a halflife of 1.2 h at pH 7 and 20℃; therefore, volatilization, adsorption into suspended solids and sediments, biodegradation, and bioconcentration are not expected to be important processes in aquatic systems. Occupational exposure to MNU may occur through oral contact, inhalation, and/or dermal contact at workplaces where it is used as a research chemical. Potential exposure may occur during the preparation and administration ofMNUor during clean up. To avoid spills,MNU should be transported in securely sealed glass bottles or ampules, which should themselves be placed inside strong screw-cap or snap-top containers that will not open when dropped. Both bottle and the outside container should be appropriately labeled.