Citronella oil

Описание

Citronella oil is present as a repellent in many sprays that contain other repellents, pyrethrins, and synergists. These formulations have insecticidal and repellent actions against biting insects and flies on cattle, dogs, horses, and pigs. The major constituent of citronella oil is citronellal (to which the information below applies).

Химические свойства

Sri Lanka (Ceylon) citronella oil is produced by steam distillation of fresh or partly dried leaves and stems of the grass species Cymbopogon nardus (L.) Rendle – the so-called lenabatu – cultivated in Sri Lanka. It is a pale yellow to brownish liquid with a fresh, grassy, camphoraceous odor.
d²⁰₂₀ 0.891–0.910; n²⁰_D 1.479–1.490; α²⁰_D ?25 ° to ?12 °; solubility: 1 vol in not more than 2 vol of 80% ethanol at 20 ℃; ester number (after acetylation): 157–200; carbonyl number: min. 18, corresponding to min. 5% of carbonyl compounds (calculated as citronellal).The content of citronellal by GC varies from 3% to 6%. Other typical constituents are borneol (4–7%), citronellol (3–8.5%), geraniol (15–23%), and methyl isoeugenol (7–11%).
Sri Lanka (Ceylon) oil is less valuable than Java oil and is used almost exclusively for perfuming toilet soaps, washing powders, and household products. Annual production is only ～25 t.

Физические свойства

The Ceylon oil is a pale yellow to yellowish-brown liquid. The Java-type oil is a clear, mobile, light yellow to brownish liquid.

Вхождение

Found in the grasses of Cymbopogon Nardus (Rendle), Andropogon Nardus (L) and Andropogon Nardus Ceylon, de Jong (Fam. Gramineae).

Использование

Soap perfumery, manufacture of hydroxycitronellal, insect repellent.

Определение

Has both d- and l-isomers. C 9H17CHO.

Подготовка

By direct steam-distillation of the dried grass.

Cостав эфирных масел

The main constituents of citronella oil are geraniol and citronellal