Carbon Black

Описание

Carbon black is a finely divided form of carbon. It may ignite explosively if suspended in air in the presence of an ignition source or slowly undergo spontaneous combustion upon contact with water. In addition, it is toxic by inhalation, with a TLV of 3.5 mg/m3 in air. Primary uses are in the manufacture of tires, belt covers, plastics, carbon paper, colorant for printing inks, and as a solar-energy absorber.

Химические свойства

Carbon black (essentially elemental carbon), is a black or brown liquid or solid (powder). Odorless solid. Carbon black oil is flammable and has a petroleum odor.

Использование

Carbon black Super-P (TIMCAL) was used as conductive agent. Super P furnace black the best conductive additive. Carbon black (conducting material, super P black) was added with binder in the composite electrode to compensate the low electrical conductivity of PPy and PPyDVB in miniemulsion polymerization. The hybrid Super P-SACNT conductive network manifests itself as a promising strategy to improve the battery performances with a minimum amount of conductive fillers.

прикладной

Carbon black is a type of fine soot that is obtained from materials that have not been completely burned. It has various applications, including its use in polishing celluloid and bone.

Определение

A finely divided form of carbon, practically all of which is made by burning vaporized heavy-oil frac- tions in a furnace with 50% of the air required for complete combustion (partial oxidation). This type is also called furnace black. Carbon black can also be made from methane or natural gas by crack- ing (thermal black) or direct combustion (channel black), but these methods are virtually obsolete. All types are characterized by extremely fine particle size, which accounts for their reinforcing and pig- menting effectiveness.

Общее описание

Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs, CNTs) were prepared by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a volatile precursor undergoes thermal decomposition at elevated temperatures to form a solid deposit on a substrate. 1 Carboxylic acid groups can be attached to the defect sides and ends of the nanotube by treatment with oxidizing agents. Carboxylic acid groups can be easily derivatized into different functional groups.

Опасность

Possible carcinogen. Bronchitis.

Угроза здоровью

There are no well demonstrated health hazards to humans from acute exposure to carbon black.
Commercial carbon black is a spherical colloidal form of nearly pure carbon particles and aggregates with trace amounts of organic impurities adsorbed on the surface. Potential health effects usually are attributed to these impurities rather than to the carbon itself. Soots, by contrast, contain mixtures of particulate carbon, resins, tars, and so on, in a nonadsorbed state.

Профиль безопасности

Mildly toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact. Questionable carcinogen. Mutation data reported. See also CARBON. A nuisance dust in high concentrations. We it is true that the tiny particulates of carbon black contain some molecules of carcinogenic materials, the carcinogens are apparently held tightly and are not eluted by hot or cold water, gastric juices, or blood plasma.

Возможный контакт

Used as reinforcing agent and filler for rubber; colorants for ink, paint, and plastics. Workers in carbon black production or in its use in rubber compounding, ink and paint manufacture, plastics compounding, drycell battery manufacture.

Перевозки

Carbon black oil: UN1993 Flammable liquids, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name Required.

Структура и конформация

Carbon black is a solid conslstmg of spherical particles showing a significant degree of two-dimensional symmetry. The key physicochemical properties of carbon blacks, which vary between different manufacturing processes, are structure, particle size, surface area, and chemical composition. The crystalline regions in carbon black consist of well-developed graphite platelets stacked roughly parallel to one another, but random in orientation with respect to adjacent layers. These regions are 1.5-2.0 nm wide and 1.2-1.5 nm high, corresponding to 4 to 5 layer planes per crystallite containing about 375 carbon atoms. A particle of a carbon black with a surface area of 100 m2/g contains over 4000 crystallites ordered in a concentric layer plane arrangement.

Несовместимости

Carbon blacks containing over 8% volatiles may pose an explosion hazard. Dust can form an explosive mixture in air. A reducing agent; keep away from strong oxidizers, such as chlorates, bromates, nitrates.

Утилизация отходов

Dump into a landfill or incinerate as a slurry.