CLOVE STEM OIL

Химические свойства

Clove stem oil is obtained in about 5% yield by steam distillation of the dried flower stems. It is a yellow to light brown oil with a sweet–spicy, slightly woody odor similar to that of bud oil but without the fresh, fruity top note. d²⁰₂₀ 1.041–1.059; n²⁰_D 1.5310–1.5360; α²⁰_D ?1 ° to +1 °; phenol content: 85–95% (v/v); content by GC: eugenol 83–92%, caryophyllene 4–12%, eugenol acetate 0.5–4%.

Физические свойства

When fairly fresh and well stored it is a pale-yellow to straw-yellow liquid. It is soluble in fixed oils and in propylene glycol, but it is relatively insoluble in glycerin and in mineral oil.

Вхождение

Found in the stems of the tree Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb. (Fam. Myrtaceae) (Fenarolfs Handbook of Flavor Ingredients, 1971).

Подготовка

By steam distillation of the dried stems of E. caryophyllata Thunb. after removal of the buds.

Cостав эфирных масел

Similar to the leaf oil, clove stem oil has a high composition of eugenol, making it a preferred source for eugenol and subsequent conversion to isoeugenol, derivatives of eugenol and vanillin. Caryophyllene, furfural and methyl alcohol are also present. Trace quantities of naphthalene and a bicyclic sesquiterpene alcohol may be present in the stem oil. Little or no eugenyl acetate is present.

Фармаколо?гия

In a pharmacological study using rat, guinea-pig and rabbit organs, clove oil was found to have antihistaminic and musculotropic spasmolytic activity (Debelmas & Rochat, 1967). Clove oil showed musculotropic (papaverine-like) antispasmodic activity against the isolated small intestine of the mouse (Imaseki and Kitabatake, 1962).