Метопрен

Описание

Methoprene is the common name for a racemic mixture of two enantiomers (R and S in a ratio of 1:1). The activity of the compound as a juvenile hormone (JH) mimic is restricted to the S enantiomer. Methoprene was the first insect growth regulator approved in the 1970s by the US Environmental Protection Agency after extensive studies showing low toxicity to vertebrates and rapid natural chemical degradation in the environment and through organism metabolism. Nowadays, it is one of the most widely used and successful insect growth regulators. Different products containing methoprene (e.g., pesticides, veterinary drugs) are commercially available in different forms (emulsifiable concentrates, granules, pellets, briquettes, aerosols, or sustained-release formulations). Some of these are applied to water for mosquito control whereas others are sprayed in areas where foods are stored to prevent insect infestations. Methoprene may be used in combination with other active insecticides to optimize pest control.

Химические свойства

Amber colored liquid. Faint fruity odor.

Использование

Methoprene controls many insect pests (Diptera, Pharaoh’s ants, and also Coleoptera, Homoptera and Siphonaptera) in public health, stored commodities, food handling, processing and storage establishments, mushroom houses, on animals and on plants (including glasshouse plants).

Определение

An insecticidal preparation said to act in the manner of a juvenile hormone, which arrests development of insects in the larval stage.

Сельскохозяйственное использование

Insect growth hormone: Methoprene is an insect growth regulator (IGR) used against a variety of insects including horn flies, mosquitoes, beetles, tobacco moths, sciarid flies, fleas (eggs and larvae), fire ants, pharoah ants, midge flies and Indian meal moths. Controlling some of these insects, methoprene is used in the production of a number of foods including meat, milk, mushrooms, peanuts, rice and cereals. It also has several uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling fleas and to control insects in wastewater, sludge beds and ponds. For oral use in dogs, 9 weeks of age and older and 4 pounds body weight or greater, for the prevention and control of flea populations [21 CFR 520.1390]. Not approved for use in EU countries . Registered for use in the U.S.

Торговое название

ALTOSID®; APEX®; DIACON®; DIANEX®; ENT 70,460®; EXTINGUISH®; FLEATROL®; KABAT®; MANTA®; MOORMAN’S® IGR CATTLE CONCENTRATE; OVITROL®; PHARORID®; PRECOR®; ZR-515®

Возможный контакт

Methoprene is a natural insect growth regulator (IGR) that mimics juvenile hormone(s) and is used against a variety of insects including horn flies, mosquitoes, beetles, tobacco moths, sciarid flies, fleas (eggs and larvae), fire ants, pharoah ants, midge flies and Indian meal moths. Controlling some of these insects, methoprene is used in the production of a number of foods including meat, milk, mushrooms, peanuts, rice and cereals. It also has several uses on domestic animals (pets) for controlling fleas and to control insects in wastewater, sludge beds and ponds. For oral use in dogs, 9 weeks of age and older and 4 lb body weight or greater, for the prevention and control of flea populations

Экологическая судьба

Methoprene may be degraded by demethylation, hydrolysis, oxidative cleavage, and photodegradation, resulting in the formation of a series of metabolites that include methoprene acid and citronellic acid. The primary modes of degradation are photodegradation and degradation by aquatic microorganisms.
It is metabolized rapidly in soil under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions (half-life = 10–14 days). The major microbial degradation product is carbon dioxide. Degradation in both freshwater and saltwater is also quite rapid with a halflife of 10–35 days at 20 ℃. Methoprene is not very soluble in water (<2 ppm) and as a result is not highly mobile in soil. Because of this and its rapid biodegradation, methoprene does not persist for long periods in soil and is unlikely to contaminate groundwater. When released into water, methoprene is expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment. A high potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms has been suggested, with an estimated bioconcentration factor of 3400. However, studies with bluegill sunfish, showed no significant bioconcentration of methoprene in fish tissues as a result of aquatic exposure.
Methoprene rapidly degrades in plants, with a half-life of 1–2 days in alfalfa when applied at a rate of 1 pound per acre. In rice, the half-life is less than 1 day. In wheat, its half-life was reported to be 3–7 weeks, depending on the level of moisture in the plant.

Метаболический путь

Methoprene is readily degraded biologically by hydrolysis of the ester group, O-demethylation and oxidative cleavage of the bond at the 4-position.

Перевозки

UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, liquid, n.o.s., Hazard class: 9; Labels: 9-Miscellaneous hazardous material, Technical Name Required

Утилизация отходов

It is the responsibility of chemical waste generators to determine if a discarded chemical is classified as a hazardous waste. See 40 CFR Parts 261.3 for United States Environmental Protection Agency guidelines for the classification determination. In addition, in order to ensure complete and accurate classification, waste generators must consult state and local hazardous waste regulations. Incineration might be an effective disposal procedure where permitted. If an efficient incinerator is not available, the product should be mixed with large amounts of combustible material and contact with the smoke should be avoided. In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers