Сульфат ртути (I)

Описание

Mercury(I) sulfate, commonly called mercurous sulfate, Hg2SO4, is a metallic compound that forms a white, pale yellow or beige powder. It is a metallic salt of sulfuric acid produced by replacing both hydrogen atoms with mercury(I). It is very toxic; it can be fatal if inhaled, ingested, or absorbed by skin. The crystal structure of mercurous sulfate is made up of Hg2 21 dumbbells and SO4 22 anions as main building units. The Hg2 21 dumbbell is surrounded by 4 oxygen atoms with Hg?O distance between 2.23 and 2.93 ? , while the Hg-Hg distance is about 2.50 ? . Mercury(I) sulfate has the mercury atoms arranged in doublets with a bond distance of 2.50 ? . The metal atom doublets are oriented parallel to the a-axis in a unit cell. Mercury doublets form part of infinite chain SO4-Hg-Hg-SO4-Hg-Hg-... The Hg-Hg-O bond angle is 165° ± 1° . The chain crosses the unit cell diagonally. The mercury sulfate structure is held together by weak Hg-O interactions. The SO4 does not act as a single anion, but rather coordinated to the mercury metal.

Химические свойства

White, pale yellow or beige powder

Использование

For making electric batteries; with zinc sulfate in the standard Clark cell and with cadmium sulfate in the standard Weston cell.

Общее описание

White to yellow crystalline powder. Soluble in hot sulfuric acid, dilute nitric acid. Highly toxic.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Insoluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

MERCUROUS SULFATE is incompatible with the following: Acetylene, ammonia, chlorine dioxide, azides, calcium (amalgam formation), sodium carbide, lithium, rubidium, copper .

Опасность

Highly toxic.

Методы очистки

The white-yellow powder is recrystallised from dilute H2SO4., dried in a vacuum under N2, and stored in the dark. Its solubility in H2O is 0.6% at 25o. It is hydrolysed by excessive washing with H2O to form the greenish-yellow basic salt Hg2SO4.Hg2O.H2O.