Tetradecane: Properties, Applications, and Safe Handling in Industrial and Research Settings

Introduction to Tetratecane

Tetradecane, with the chemical formula C ₁₄ H ∝₀, is a straight chain saturated alkane composed of 14 carbon atoms and 30 hydrogen atoms. It belongs to hydrocarbons, is in a colorless liquid state, has a slight odor, and usually remains stable at room temperature. As a typical alkane, Tetradecane is insoluble in water but can dissolve in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, or benzene [1].

The main characteristics of Tetradecane include high boiling point (253 ° C) and low density (approximately 0.763 g/cm ³), as well as chemical inertness, making it difficult to directly participate in most reactions. These characteristics make it commonly used as a model compound for studying fuel combustion performance and simulating petroleum components. In addition, it can also be used as a basic component of industrial lubricants, or as a solvent and reference substance in laboratories. Next, we will further understand the issues related to Tetratecane.

Figure 1 Characteristics of  Tetradecane

Preparation of Tetradecane

Petroleum fractionation

Tetradecane is a straight chain alkane that can be separated and obtained through petroleum distillation and cracking techniques. Petroleum contains different lengths of alkane chains, and through the separation technology of distillation columns, Tetradecane and other adjacent chain length alkanes can be captured within the corresponding temperature range. Further fine separation can obtain high-purity Tetradecane.

Catalytic hydrogenation

Tetradecane can be obtained by hydrogenation of compounds containing unsaturated bonds or aromatic rings (such as tetracene or tetracene aromatic compounds) under high temperature and pressure using metal catalysts (such as nickel, palladium, or platinum). This method is commonly used in chemical production to control the carbon chain length of the product by changing the catalyst and reaction conditions.

The application of Tetratecane

N-Tetradecane is the main raw material for producing Tetradecane. Other applications include liquid mosquito coils, hydraulic oil for large stamping machines, chlorinated paraffin, anti-corrosion coatings, powder coatings, and can also be used as high-end hot melt adhesives. Its derivative product, straight chain polyanhydride of tetradecanedioic acid, is a very useful chemical and pharmaceutical intermediate that can be used as a curing agent for epoxy and acrylic resins, polyester modification additives, and so on. It is the main raw material of nylon 1214 and can also be used as military equipment, mechanical components, automotive pipes, edging cold chains, etc.

The method of Tetradecane production

Tetradecane is mainly produced through petroleum fractionation or catalytic reforming of paraffin. After being heated and catalyzed by a catalyst, the molecular structure of paraffin undergoes changes, forming Tetradecane and other alkanes.

Safe storage conditions for Tetratecane

Tetradecane is a colorless liquid with certain risks, so special attention should be paid to safety when storing it. The following are specific requirements for the safe storage conditions of Tetradacane.

Temperature control: Tetradecane should be stored in a low-temperature environment, specifically at a temperature below 30 ° C, to prevent physical changes or chemical reactions.

Fire and explosion prevention: Due to the flammability of Tetradecane, its vapor can form explosive mixtures with air. Therefore, the storage area should be kept away from sources of fire and heat, and equipped with corresponding fire-fighting facilities and emergency response equipment for leaks.

Ventilation requirements: The warehouse storing Tetradacane should have good ventilation conditions to reduce vapor accumulation and lower the risk of explosion.

Moisture proof: Tetratecane is sensitive to humidity, and the storage environment should be kept dry to prevent moisture from entering the storage container and affecting its quality and safety.

Isolation storage: Tetradecane should be stored separately from other chemicals, especially oxidants and edible chemicals, to avoid adverse reactions caused by contact.

Container sealing: The storage container should be well sealed to prevent Tetradecane from evaporating or being contaminated by external factors.

Protective equipment: Operators storing and handling Tetratecane should wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as self-priming filter gas masks, adhesive protective clothing, and rubber gloves, to protect their own safety.

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