Iba1抗体;Iba1 Antibody—艾普蒂

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     Western blot analysis of Iba1 expression in U937 cell lysate.    

  
  

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     All lanes use the Antibody at 1:2K dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.    

  
  

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     All lanes use the Antibody at 1:2K dilution for 1 hour at room temperature.    

  
  

Iba1 (Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1) is a 17-kDa protein encoded by the *AIF1* (allograft inflammatory factor 1) gene, primarily expressed in microglia and macrophages. Discovered in the 1990s, Iba1 plays a critical role in regulating actin cytoskeleton dynamics, facilitating cell migration, phagocytosis, and membrane ruffling during immune responses. The Iba1 antibody, a widely used immunohistochemical marker, specifically targets this protein, enabling the identification and visualization of microglia in the central nervous system (CNS) and macrophages in peripheral tissues.

Its significance stems from microglia's dual role as CNS immune sentinels and contributors to neuroinflammation in diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and stroke. Iba1 immunostaining reveals microglial activation states—transitioning from ramified (resting) to amoeboid (activated) morphology—providing insights into neuroinflammatory processes. Unlike other markers (e.g., CD68 for phagocytic activity), Iba1 labels both resting and activated microglia, making it a versatile tool for studying temporal and spatial changes in neuropathology. The antibody is validated across species, including humans, mice, and rats, and is compatible with techniques like immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and flow cytometry. Recent studies also explore its utility in tracking macrophage infiltration in tumors and injuries. Despite its widespread use, researchers must consider context-dependent expression variations and combine Iba1 with functional markers to fully interpret microglial behavior in health and disease.