Orai1抗体;Orai1 Antibody—艾普蒂

Orai1 antibodies are essential tools in studying the ORAI1 protein, a critical component of calcium release-activated calcium (CRAC) channels. Discovered in 2006. ORAI1 forms the pore of these channels, which mediate store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) – a process vital for intracellular calcium signaling. This pathway is activated when endoplasmic reticulum (ER) calcium stores are depleted, triggering stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) to oligomerize and recruit ORAI1 to ER-plasma membrane junctions, enabling extracellular calcium influx. ORAI1 is particularly crucial in immune cells; mutations causing loss of function result in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), while gain-of-function mutations link to autoimmune diseases. Researchers use Orai1 antibodies in techniques like Western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry to investigate its expression, localization, and interaction partners. These antibodies help characterize ORAI1's role in diverse physiological processes, including T-cell activation, cytokine production, and gene transcription. Commercial Orai1 antibodies are typically raised against specific epitopes, with validation including knockout cell controls. Challenges include distinguishing between ORAI1 isoforms and ensuring specificity due to structural similarities within the ORAI protein family (Orai1-3). Recent applications extend to studying cancer cell proliferation and neurological disorders where calcium dysregulation occurs.