PPOX抗体;PPOX Antibody—艾普蒂

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human brain tissue using P06858(COX6A1 Antibody) at dilution 1/20. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

PPOX antibodies target protoporphyrinogen oxidase (PPOX), a mitochondrial enzyme critical in the heme biosynthesis pathway. PPOX catalyzes the oxidation of protoporphyrinogen IX to protoporphyrin IX, the penultimate step before heme production. Defects in the PPOX gene are linked to variegate porphyria (VP), an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by skin photosensitivity and neurovisceral symptoms due to toxic porphyrin accumulation.

PPOX antibodies are primarily used in research and diagnostics to study enzyme expression, localization, and dysfunction. In VP, these antibodies help detect reduced PPOX activity or abnormal protein levels, aiding in confirming genetic diagnoses. They are also employed in mechanistic studies to explore how PPOX mutations disrupt heme synthesis and contribute to disease phenotypes.

Commercially available PPOX antibodies (polyclonal or monoclonal) are typically generated using recombinant human PPOX proteins or peptide fragments. Applications include Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to assess tissue-specific expression patterns. Challenges include ensuring antibody specificity due to structural similarities among mitochondrial enzymes.

Overall, PPOX antibodies serve as vital tools for understanding porphyria pathophysiology, developing targeted therapies, and improving diagnostic accuracy for VP and related disorders.