PTPRN抗体—艾普蒂

+ +

•  

   

     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human liver cancer tissue using P08654(PTPRN Antibody) at dilution 1/30. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

The protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type N (PTPRN), also known as IA-2 (Islet Antigen-2), is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase family. Primarily expressed in neuroendocrine tissues, including pancreatic islet β-cells and neuronal cells, PTPRN plays roles in secretory granule regulation, hormone biosynthesis, and cell adhesion. Its intracellular domain contains tyrosine phosphatase activity, though its precise substrates remain under investigation.

PTPRN antibodies are autoantibodies targeting this protein, commonly studied in the context of autoimmune diseases. Notably, they serve as biomarkers for type 1 diabetes (T1D), where their presence correlates with progressive β-cell destruction. Detected in 60-80% of T1D patients, PTPRN antibodies often appear years before clinical onset, aiding in early diagnosis and risk stratification. They are part of the standard autoimmune diabetes panel alongside insulin and GAD65 antibodies.

Research also links PTPRN antibodies to other endocrine disorders, such as autoimmune polyendocrine syndromes, and neurological conditions like stiff-person syndrome. Commercially available PTPRN antibodies are essential tools for immunohistochemistry, Western blotting, and ELISA to study protein localization, expression patterns, and autoimmune responses. However, variability in antibody specificity requires careful validation in experimental models. Ongoing studies explore PTPRN's functional roles in secretion and its potential as a therapeutic target. (Word count: 247)