GNA11抗体

The GNA11 antibody targets the guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 (GNA11), a member of the Gαq subfamily of G-protein alpha subunits. GNA11 plays a critical role in intracellular signal transduction by coupling G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) to downstream effectors like phospholipase C-beta (PLC-β), which regulates calcium signaling and protein kinase C (PKC) activation. It is widely expressed in various tissues, including the brain, heart, and endocrine organs. Mutations in the GNA11 gene are linked to disorders such as familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 2 (FHH2), autosomal dominant hypocalcemia type 2 (ADH2), and uveal melanoma. In cancer, activating GNA11 mutations drive uncontrolled cell proliferation via pathways like MAPK/ERK. Antibodies against GNA11 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in physiological and pathological contexts. They are used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence to investigate GNA11's role in disease mechanisms or therapeutic targeting. Specificity and validation (e.g., knockout controls) are critical to ensure reliable detection, given structural similarities with homologs like GNAQ.