DIO2抗体

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     The image is immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded Human cervical cancer tissue using P04829(DIO2 Antibody) at dilution 1/50. (Original magnification: ×200)    

  
  

DIO2 (iodothyronine deiodinase type 2) is a critical enzyme in thyroid hormone metabolism, responsible for converting the prohormone thyroxine (T4) into the biologically active triiodothyronine (T3). This selenoprotein is expressed in tissues such as the thyroid, brain, brown adipose tissue, and placenta, where localized T3 production regulates metabolic processes, thermogenesis, and neurodevelopment. DIO2 activity is tightly regulated by thyroid hormone levels, hypoxia, and circadian rhythms, making it pivotal in maintaining tissue-specific hormone homeostasis.

Antibodies targeting DIO2 are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function. They enable researchers to detect DIO2 protein levels via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and immunofluorescence. Such studies have revealed DIO2's role in adaptive thermogenesis, energy balance, and pathological conditions including hypothyroidism, metabolic syndrome, and neuropsychiatric disorders. For instance, DIO2 dysfunction has been linked to insulin resistance and altered hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis feedback.

Commercial DIO2 antibodies are typically raised against specific epitopes, with validation in knockout models to ensure specificity. Challenges include cross-reactivity with other deiodinases (DIO1/DIO3) due to structural similarities. Recent applications extend to exploring DIO2 polymorphisms in clinical cohorts and its interplay with circadian clock proteins. Ongoing research leverages these antibodies to dissect DIO2's tissue-specific roles and therapeutic potential in thyroid-related pathologies.