GFAP抗体

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     Western blot analysis using GFAP mouse mAb against A431 (1), SK-N-SH (2) and PC12 (3) cell lysate.    

  
  

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     Immunofluorescence analysis of paraffin-embedded human lobe of brain tissues using GFAP mouse mAb (green).    

  
  

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human brain tissues using GFAP mouse mAb with DAB staining    

  
  

GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein) antibodies are immunological tools targeting GFAP, a key intermediate filament protein primarily expressed in astrocytes, the star-shaped glial cells of the central nervous system (CNS). Discovered in 1971. GFAP is critical for maintaining astrocyte structural integrity, modulating synaptic activity, and supporting the blood-brain barrier. Its expression is upregulated during astrocyte activation (astrogliosis), a hallmark of CNS injury, neurodegeneration (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis), infections, and autoimmune disorders like autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy.

GFAP antibodies are widely used in research and diagnostics to identify astrocytes in tissue samples, assess neuroinflammatory conditions, and study glioma biology, as GFAP levels often correlate with tumor differentiation. In clinical settings, anti-GFAP autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid or serum aid in diagnosing autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy, a treatable disorder presenting with meningoencephalitis, myelitis, or optic neuropathy.

Despite their specificity, GFAP isoforms and cross-reactivity with similar proteins in non-neural tissues (e.g., enteric glia) require careful validation. Recent advances in single-cell genomics have refined understanding of astrocyte diversity, prompting reevaluation of GFAP's role across subtypes. Overall, GFAP antibodies remain indispensable for exploring CNS pathophysiology and developing targeted therapies.