SMAD4抗体

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     Western blot analysis using SMAD4 mouse mAb against A431 (1), SK-N-SH (2), K562 (3), HepG2 (4) and HUVE12 (5) cell lysate.    

  
  

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     Immunofluorescence analysis of NIH/3T3 cells using SMAD4 mouse mAb (green). Blue: DRAQ5 fluorescent DNA dye. Red: Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor-555 phalloidin.    

  
  

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     Flow cytometric analysis of K562 cells using SMAD4 mouse mAb (green) and negative control (purple).    

  
  

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     Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung cancer tissues using SMAD4 mouse mAb with DAB staining.    

  
  

**Background of SMAD4 Antibody**

SMAD4. also known as DPC4 (Deleted in Pancreatic Carcinoma locus 4), is a critical tumor suppressor protein involved in the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway. This pathway regulates diverse cellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune responses. SMAD4 acts as a central mediator by forming complexes with receptor-regulated SMADs (SMAD1. 2. 3. 5. 8/9) to translocate into the nucleus, where it modulates the transcription of target genes.

Mutations or deletions in the *SMAD4* gene are strongly associated with several cancers, notably pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, and juvenile polyposis syndrome. Loss of SMAD4 function disrupts TGF-β signaling, promoting tumor progression, metastasis, and resistance to therapies. Consequently, SMAD4 serves as both a biomarker for cancer prognosis and a potential therapeutic target.

SMAD4 antibodies are essential tools for studying its expression, localization, and function in normal and diseased tissues. These antibodies are widely used in techniques such as Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF), and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). Validated antibodies help detect SMAD4 levels in clinical samples, assess its nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling, and investigate interactions with other signaling molecules.

Researchers rely on SMAD4 antibodies to explore mechanisms underlying cancer development, fibrosis, and immune disorders. Specific clones (e.g., EP618Y) and antibody validation (e.g., knockout cell line controls) are critical to ensure accuracy, given the homology among SMAD family proteins and the potential for cross-reactivity. Overall, SMAD4 antibodies play a pivotal role in advancing our understanding of TGF-β signaling dysregulation in disease.