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EGF信号:追踪癌症的路径

发布人:上海阿拉丁生化科技股份有限公司

发布日期:2022/12/2 15:23:00

表皮生长因子(EGF)家族是一组结构相关的蛋白质,通过靶细胞上的酪氨酸激酶受体调节细胞增殖、迁移和分化。EGF受体有一个细胞质酪氨酸激酶结构域,一个跨膜结构域和一个与EGF结合的细胞外结构域。配体与EGF受体结合导致其二聚、自磷酸化和激活。一旦被激活,EGF受体通过几个蛋白质的磷酸化传递细胞内信号。

 

Ras被EGF受体激活是EGF信号转导的重要组成部分。鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子SOS激活Ras, Ras进而触发丝裂原激活蛋白(MAP)激酶通路。MAP激酶磷酸化转录因子,如激活蛋白1(AP-1;Fos-Jun二聚体)和Elk-1,导致细胞生长和发育。EGFR对Janus激酶(JAK)的磷酸化导致转录蛋白信号换能器和激活器(STATs)的激活,最终导致细胞的生长和分化。EGF信号的另一个关键方面涉及磷脂酶c - γ1 (PLCγ1),它将PIP2裂解为IP3和DAG。IP3的产生导致内质网钙的释放,而DAG促进蛋白激酶C (PKC)的激活。PKC反过来磷酸化并激活转录因子Elk-1,导致细胞增殖。已知EGFR的突变影响其表达或活性,这使EGFR成为重要的药物靶点。

 

该通路强调了EGF信号转导的重要组成部分。

 

几个重要的表皮生长因子信号通路


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