Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity
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Nitrofurantoin(67-20-9)

Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity

Product Identification

Product Name
Nitrofurantoin
Synonyms
1-[(5-Mitrofuran-2-yl)methylideneamino]imidazolidine-2,4-dione
Balsam of fir
Berkfuran
Chemiofuran
Cyantin
Fir balsam absolute
Furadantin
Nitrofurantoin
CAS
67-20-9
CAS
8007-47-4
Formula
C8H6N4O5
Molecular Weight
238.16
EINECS
200-646-5
EINECS
232-362-2
RTECS
CP2352500
RTECS
MU2800000
RTECS Class
Other
RTECS Class
Tumorigen; Drug; Mutagen; Reproductive Effector; Human Data
Merck
12,6696
Merck
13,948
Beilstein/Gmelin
NA
Beilstein/Gmelin
290482
Beilstein Reference
5-24-05-00224

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance
Odorless lemon yellow crystals or fine yellow powder. Bitter taste.
Appearance
Yellow to green liquid. A by-product of the resin, balsam is a pale yellow to clear oil, steam-distilled from the needles of the Canadian balsam.  It has a pleasing sweet, woody, balsamic scent
Solubility in water
(mg/100 ml): water
Melting Point
272
Density
0.915 g/cm3 (20 C)
Density
1.6 g/cm3
pKa/pKb
7.2 (pKa)
Partition Coefficient
-.47
Usage
Ingredient in expectorants, tonic to treat pellagra, a pain relief formula, and and expectorant.
Usage
Medication.
Refractive Index
1.52 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion
DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. If the victim is conscious and not convulsing, give 1 or 2 glasses of water to dilute the chemical and IMMEDIATELY call a hospital or poison control center. Be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital if advised by a physician. If the victim is convulsing or unconscious, do not give anything by mouth, ensure that the victim's airway is open and lay the victim on his/her side with the head lower than the body. DO NOT INDUCE VOMITING. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim to a hospital.
Ingestion
If victim is conscious and alert, give 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid.
Inhalation
IMMEDIATELY leave the contaminated area; take deep breaths of fresh air. IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as wheezing, coughing, shortness of breath, or burning in the mouth, throat, or chest) develop. Provide proper respiratory protection to rescuers entering an unknown atmosphere. Whenever possible, Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) should be used.
Inhalation
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation
Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. Get medical aid if cough or other symptoms appear.
Skin
May cause skin irritation. No information reported.
Skin
Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical aid if irritation develops or persists.
Skin
IMMEDIATELY flood affected skin with water while removing and isolating all contaminated clothing. Gently wash all affected skin areas thoroughly with soap and water. If symptoms such as redness or irritation develop, IMMEDIATELY call a physician and be prepared to transport the victim to a hospital for treatment.
Eyes
First check the victim for contact lenses and remove if present. Flush victim's eyes with water or normal saline solution for 20 to 30 minutes while simultaneously calling a hospital or poison control center. Do not put any ointments, oils, or medication in the victim's eyes without specific instructions from a physician. IMMEDIATELY transport the victim after flushing eyes to a hospital even if no symptoms (such as redness or irritation) develop.
Eyes
Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Eyes
Dust may cause mechanical irritation. No information reported.

Handling and Storage

Storage
Keep in a cool, dry, dark location in a tightly sealed container or cylinder. Keep away from incompatible materials, ignition sources and untrained individuals. Secure and label area. Protect containers/cylinders from physical damage.
Storage
Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Handling
Wash hands before eating. Use with adequate ventilation. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Handling
All chemicals should be considered hazardous. Avoid direct physical contact. Use appropriate, approved safety equipment. Untrained individuals should not handle this chemical or its container. Handling should occur in a chemical fume hood.

Hazards Identification

Ingestion
May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Inhalation
Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, cough, dyspnea, chest pain, pulmonary infiltration, hepatitis, eosinophilia, interstitial pneumonitis or fibrosis, hemolytic anemia, megaloblastic anemia, cholestatic jaundice, granulocytopenia, leukopenia and headache.
Skin
See inhalation.
Eyes
See inhalation

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection
Chemical splash goggles in compliance with OSHA regulations are advised; however, OSHA regulations also permit other type safety glasses. Whre chemical resistant gloves. To prevent repeated or prolonged skin contact, wear impervious clothing and boots.
Personal Protection
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.
Respirators
Wear a NIOSH-approved half face respirator equipped with a combination filter cartridge, i.e. organic vapor/acid gas/HEPA (specific for organic vapors, HCl, acid gas, SO2 and a high efficiency particulate filter).
Exposure Effects
with therapeutic use - peripheral neuropathies have been reported as a complication of treatment with nitrofurantoin, especially in patients with pre-existing renal dysfunction.

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point
43
Fire Fighting
Fires involving this material can be controlled with a dry chemical, carbon dioxide or Halon extinguisher. A water spray may also be used.
Fire Fighting
Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide or chemical foam.
Fire Potential
This material is probably combustible.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks
Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container.
Small spills/leaks
If you spill this chemical, you should dampen the solid spill material with water, then transfer the dampened material to a suitable container. Use absorbent paper dampened with water to pick up any remaining material. Seal your contaminated clothing and the absorbent paper in a vapor-tight plastic bag for eventual disposal. Wash all contaminated surfaces with a soap and water solution. Do not reenter the contaminated area until the Safety Officer (or other responsible person) has verified that the area has been properly cleaned.

Stability and Reactivity

Stability
Sensitive to heat discolored by alkali and by exposure to light, and is decomp upon contact with metals other than stainless steel or aluminum.
Incompatibilities
Sensitive to light Incompatible with alkalis Incompatible with strong oxidizers and strong acids.
Stability
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Incompatibilities
Strong oxidizing agents.
Decomposition
Oxides of carbon.
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