1,1-Difluoroethane(75-37-6)

Product Name
1,1-Difluoroethane

Synonyms
1,1-Difluoroethane
Ethylidene difluoride
Freon 152a

CAS
75-37-6

Formula
C2H4F2

Molecular Weight
66.05

EINECS
200-866-1

RTECS
KI1410000

RTECS Class
Mutagen

Beilstein/Gmelin
1696900

Beilstein Reference
4-01-00-00120

Appearance
Colorless odorless gas.

Solubility in water
17 g/L

Melting Point
-117

Boiling Point
-25

Vapor Pressure
4100 (25 C)

Density
0.6446 g/cm3 (97 C)

Partition Coefficient
.75

Heat Of Vaporization
21.9 kJ/mol

Usage
In use as a refrigerant, it has a low global warming potential, and has recently been approved for use in automobile applications as an alternative to r-134a. It is also commonly found in electronic cleaning products, and many consumer aerosol products that must meet stringent voc requirements.

Vapor Density
2.3

Refractive Index
1.3011 (-72 C)

Ingestion
These substances may cause frostbite to the upper airway and gastrointestinal tract after ingestion. Administer oxygen and manage airway as clinically indicated. Emesis, activated charcoal, and gastric lavage are not recommended.

Inhalation
Provide a quiet calm atmosphere to prevent adrenaline surge if the patient is seen before the onset of cardiac arrhythmias. Minimize physical exertion.

Skin
Remove contaminated clothing and wash exposed area thoroughly with soap and water. A physician should examine the area if irritation or pain persists. If frostbite has occurred, refer to dermal treatment in the main body of this document for rewarming.

Eyes
Irrigate exposed eyes with copious amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes. If irritation, pain, swelling, lacrimation, or photophobia persist, the patient should be seen in a health care facility. Ophthamologic consultation should be obtained in any symptomatic patients.

Storage
Avoid heat, flames, sparks and other sources of ignition. Keep separated from incompatible substances.

Handling
Handle in accordance with all current regulations and standards. Subject to storage regulations: U.S. OSHA 29 CFR 1910.101.

Inhalation
Pulmonary irritation, bronchial constriction, cough, dyspnea, and chest tightness may develop after inhalation. Chronic pulmonary hyperreactivity may occur. Adult respiratory distress syndrome has been reported following acute inhalational exposures. Pulmonary edema is an autopsy finding in fatal cases.

Skin
Dermal contact may result in defatting, irritation or contact dermatitis. Severe frostbite has been reported as an effect of freon exposure. Injection causes transient pain, erythema and edema.

Eyes
EYES - Eye irritation occurs with ambient exposure. Frostbite of the lids may be severe. NOSE - Nasal irritation occurs with ambient exposure. THROAT - Irritation occurs. Frostbite of the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa and hard palate developed in a man after deliberate inhalation.

Ingestion
Nausea may develop. Ingestion of a small amount of trichlorofluoromethane resulted in necrosis and perforation of the stomach in one patient.

Hazards
Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

UN (DOT)
1030

Personal Protection
Wear appropriate protective gloves, clothing and goggles. Always wear thermal protective clothing when handling refrigerated/cryogenic liquids.

Respirators
Wear positive pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).

Exposure Effects
Headache, dizziness, and disorientation are common. Cerebral edema may be found on autopsy. Dichlorodifluoromethane was not teratogenic in rats and rabbits. <br>The reproductive effects of 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane were studied in rats. No adverse effects on reproductive performance was noted or on the development, maturation or reproductive performance of up to two successive generations.

Exposure limit(s)
1000 ppm AIHA recommended TWA

Poison Class
5

Flash Point
-81

Fire Fighting
DO NOT EXTINGUISH A LEAKING GAS FIRE UNLESS LEAK CAN BE STOPPED. SMALL FIRES: Dry chemical or carbon dioxide. LARGE FIRES: Water spray or fog. Move containers from fire area if you can do it without risk. FIRE INVOLVING TANKS: Fight fire from maximum distance or use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after fire is out. Do not direct water at source of leak or safety devices; icing may occur. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety devices or discoloration of tank. ALWAYS stay away from tanks engulfed in fire. For massive fire, use unmanned hose holders or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn.

Upper exp. limit
18

Lower exp. limit
3.7

Fire Potential
EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE.

Small spills/leaks
ELIMINATE all ignition sources (no smoking, flares, sparks or flames in immediate area). All equipment used when handling the product must be grounded. Do not touch or walk through spilled material. Stop leak if you can do it without risk. If possible, turn leaking containers so that gas escapes rather than liquid. Use water spray to reduce vapors or divert vapor cloud drift. Avoid allowing water runoff to contact spilled material. Do not direct water at spill or source of leak. Prevent spreading of vapors through sewers, ventilation systems and confined areas. Isolate area until gas has dispersed. CAUTION: When in contact with refrigerated/cryogenic liquids, many materials become brittle and are likely to break without warning.

Incompatibilities
Incompatible with strong oxidizing and reducing agents Incompatible with many amines, nitrides, azo/diazo compounds, alkali metals, and epoxides.

Stability
Stable at normal temperatures and pressure.

Decomposition
Hydrogen fluoride.

Combustion Products
Irritating hydrogen fluoride fumes may form in fire.

UN Number
1030

Hazard Class
2.1