Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity Transport Information
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Pentanenitrile(110-59-8)

Supplier Product Identification Physical and Chemical Properties First Aid Measures Handling and Storage Hazards Identification Exposure Controls/Personal Protection Fire Fighting Measures Accidental Release Measures Stability and Reactivity Transport Information

Product Identification

Product Name
Pentanenitrile
Synonyms
1-Butyl cyanide
1-Cyanobutane
2,4-Imidazolidinedione
2-Imidazolin-4(or 5)-one, 2-hydroxy-
Glycolylurea
Imidazolidine-2,4-dione
Pentanenitrile
CAS
110-59-8
CAS
461-72-3
Formula
C3H4N2O2
Formula
C5H9N
Molecular Weight
100.08
Molecular Weight
83.13
EINECS
203-781-8
EINECS
207-313-3
RTECS
MT8210000
RTECS
YV8195000
RTECS Class
Reproductive Effector; Human Data
RTECS Class
Other
Merck
12,10043
Merck
13,4780
Beilstein/Gmelin
1736706
Beilstein/Gmelin
110598
Beilstein Reference
5-24-05-00188
Beilstein Reference
4-02-00-00875
EC Class
flammable, harmful

Physical and Chemical Properties

Appearance
Clear colorless to yellow liquid.
Appearance
White crystalline powder.
Solubility in water
Insoluble
Solubility in water
Very soluble
Melting Point
219 - 222
Melting Point
-96
Boiling Point
139
Vapor Pressure
6 (25 C)
Density
0.8164 g/cm3 (0 C)
pKa/pKb
8.70 (pKa)
Partition Coefficient
1.15
Heat Of Vaporization
36.1 kJ/mol
Usage
Often used as a solvent.
Usage
Anticonvulsive, preserative.
Vapor Density
2.8
Refractive Index
1.3962 (20 C)

First Aid Measures

Ingestion
May cause irritation of the digestive tract. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Ingestion
Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical aid. Do NOT induce vomiting. If conscious and alert, rinse mouth and drink 2-4 cupfuls of milk or water.
Inhalation
Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid. DO NOT use mouth-to-mouth respiration. If breathing has ceased apply artificial respiration using oxygen and a suitable mechanical device such as a bag and a mask.
Inhalation
Remove from exposure to fresh air immediately. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical aid.
Inhalation
May cause respiratory tract irritation. The toxicological properties of this substance have not been fully investigated.
Skin
May cause skin irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Skin
Get medical aid. Flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Skin
Get medical aid. Immediately flush skin with plenty of soap and water for at least 15 minutes while removing contaminated clothing and shoes. Wash clothing before reuse.
Eyes
May cause eye irritation. The toxicological properties of this material have not been fully investigated.
Eyes
Flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.
Eyes
Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upper and lower eyelids. Get medical aid.

Handling and Storage

Storage
Keep away from sources of ignition. Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances. Flammables-area.
Storage
Store in a tightly closed container. Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from incompatible substances.
Handling
Wash thoroughly after handling. Remove contaminated clothing and wash before reuse. Use with adequate ventilation. Minimize dust generation and accumulation. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Handling
Wash thoroughly after handling. Use only in a well ventilated area. Ground and bond containers when transferring material. Use spark-proof tools and explosion proof equipment. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Empty containers retain product residue, (liquid and/or vapor), and can be dangerous. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid contact with heat, sparks and flame. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Do not pressurize, cut, weld, braze, solder, drill, grind, or expose empty containers to heat, sparks or open flames.

Hazards Identification

Inhalation
May cause respiratory tract irritation. Aspiration may lead to pulmonary edema. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. May cause cardiac abnormalities. Contains cyanide. May be metabolized to cyanide which in turns act by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. Inhalation may result in symptoms similar to cyanide poisoning which includes unconsciousness and death. Inhalation at high concentrations may cause CNS depression and asphixiation. May cause burning sensation in the chest.
Skin
May be metabolized to cyanide which in turn acts by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. May cause irritation and dermatitis. May cause cyanosis of the extremities.
Eyes
May cause eye irritation. May cause chemical conjunctivitis and corneal damage.
Ingestion
May cause gastrointestinal irritation with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. May cause cardiac disturbances. Metabolism may release cyanide, which may result in headache, dizziness, weakness, collapse, unconsciousness and possible death. Ingestion of large amounts may cause CNS depression. Ingestion may result in symptoms similar to cyanide poisoning which is characterized by aspyhxiation.
Hazards
Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers.
EC Risk Phrase
R 10 22
EC Safety Phrase
S 22 24/25
EC Safety Phrase
S 23 36/37
UN (DOT)
2929

Exposure Controls/Personal Protection

Personal Protection
Eyes: Wear appropriate protective eyeglasses or chemical safety goggles as described by OSHA's eye and face protection regulations in 29 CFR 1910.133 or European Standard EN166. Skin: Wear appropriate protective gloves to prevent skin exposure. Clothing: Wear appropriate protective clothing to prevent skin exposure.
Respirators
Follow the OSHA respirator regulations found in 29CFR 1910.134 or European Standard EN 149. Always use a NIOSH or European Standard EN 149 approved respirator when necessary.
Exposure Effects
May be metabolized to cyanide which in turn acts by inhibiting cytochrome oxidase impairing cellular respiration. Effects may be delayed. Chronic exposure to cyanide solutions may lead to the development of a cyanide rash, characterized by itching, and by macular, papular, and vesicular eruptions, and may be accompanied by secondary infections.
Exposure Effects
Prolonged or repeated exposure may cause adverse reproductive effects. Reproductive effects have been reported in animals.

Fire Fighting Measures

Flash Point
36
Fire Fighting
Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Extinguishing media: Use agent most appropriate to extinguish fire. In case of fire use water spray, dry chemical, carbon dioxide, or appropriate foam.
Fire Fighting
Wear a self-contained breathing apparatus in pressure-demand, MSHA/NIOSH (approved or equivalent), and full protective gear. During a fire, irritating and highly toxic gases may be generated by thermal decomposition or combustion. Will burn if involved in a fire. Use water spray to keep fire-exposed containers cool. Containers may explode in the heat of a fire. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Extinguishing media: For small fires, use dry chemical, carbon dioxide, water spray or alcohol-resistant foam. For large fires, use water spray, fog, or alcohol-resistant foam. Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers. Water may be ineffective. Do NOT use straight streams of water.
Upper exp. limit
9.6
Lower exp. limit
1.5
Fire Potential
This chemical is combustible.

Accidental Release Measures

Small spills/leaks
Absorb spill with inert material, (e.g., dry sand or earth), then place into a chemical waste container. Avoid runoff into storm sewers and ditches which lead to waterways. Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Remove all sources of ignition. Use a spark-proof tool. Provide ventilation. A vapor suppressing foam may be used to reduce vapors.
Small spills/leaks
Clean up spills immediately, using the appropriate protective equipment. Sweep up, then place into a suitable container for disposal. Avoid generating dusty conditions. Provide ventilation.

Stability and Reactivity

Disposal Code
9
Incompatibilities
Oxidizing agents.
Stability
Stable under normal temperatures and pressures.
Incompatibilities
Strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents, strong reducing agents.
Decomposition
Nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases, carbon dioxide, nitrogen.
Combustion Products
Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases.

Transport Information

UN Number
2929
Hazard Class
6.1
Packing Group
I; II
HS Code
2933 21 00
HS Code
2926 90 95
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