1. Materials information
Names
| Name | xanthohumol |
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| Synonym | More Synonyms |
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Xanthohumol Biological Activity
| Description | Xanthohumol is one of the principal flavonoids isolated from hops, the inhibitor of diacylglycerol acetyltransferase (DGAT), COX-1 and COX-2, and shows anti-cancer and anti-angiogenic activities. |
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| Related Catalog | Signaling Pathways >> Metabolic Enzyme/Protease >> Acyltransferase Signaling Pathways >> Immunology/Inflammation >> COX Research Areas >> Cancer Natural Products >> Flavonoids |
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| In Vitro | Xanthohumol significantly attenuates ADP-induced blood platelet aggregation, and significantly reduces the expression of fibrinogen receptor (activated form of GPIIbIIIa) on platelets' surface[1]. Xanthohumol (5-50 nM) reduces the frequency of spontaneously occurring Ca2+ sparks and Ca2+ waves in control myocytes and in cells subjected to Ca2+ overload caused by: (1) exposure to low K+ solutions, (2) periods of high frequency electrical stimulation, (3) exposures to isoproterenol or (4) caffeine. Xanthohumol (50-100 nM) reduces the rate of relaxation of electrically- or caffeine-triggered Ca2+ transients, without suppressing ICa, but this effect is small and reversed by isoproterenol at physiological temperatures. Xanthohumol also suppresses the Ca2+ content of the SR, and its rate of recirculation[2]. Treatment of endothelial cells with Xanthohumol leads to increased AMPK phosphorylation and activity. Functional studies using biochemical approaches confirm that AMPK mediates Xanthohumol anti-angiogenic activity. AMPK activation by Xanthohumol is mediated by CAMMKβ, but not LKB1. Analysis of the downstream mechanisms shows that Xanthohumol-induced AMPK activation reduces nitric oxide (NO) levels in endothelial cells by decreasing eNOS phosphorylation. Finally, AKT pathway is inactivated by Xanthohumol as part of its anti-angiogenic activity, but independently from AMPK, suggesting that these two signaling pathways proceed autonomously[3]. Xanthohumol significantly reduces cell viability and induces apoptosis via pro-caspase-3/8 cleavage and poly(ADP ribose) polymerase (PARP) degradation. Pro-caspase-9 cleavage, Bcl2 family expression changes, mitochondrial dysfunction, and intracellular ROS generation also participate in Xanthohumol-induced glioma cell death. Xanthohumol's inhibition of the IGFBP2/AKT/Bcl2 pathway via miR-204-3p targeting plays a critical role in mediating glioma cell death[4]. |
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| Cell Assay | In vitro cell proliferation/viability is measured by the MTT test at different time points. 1000 cells/well are plated into 96-multiwell plates in complete medium. Following adhesion, medium is replaced with fresh medium containing the different treatments or vehicle (DMSO in medium). Xanthohumol and EGCG are used in a concentration range from 2.5 to 40 μM, up to 96 hours. 3 hours before each time point, MTT reagent (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) is added to the wells and plates are incubated at 37°C. At the indicated time points, absorbance at 540 nm is then measured by a FLUOstar spectrophotometer. |
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| References | [1]. Luzak B, et al. Xanthohumol from hop cones (Humulus lupulus L.) prevents ADP-induced platelet reactivity. Arch Physiol Biochem. 2016 Nov 18:1-7. [2]. Arnaiz-Cot JJ, et al. Xanthohumol modulates calcium signaling in rat ventricular myocytes: Possible Antiarrhythmic properties. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2016 Nov 4. pii: jpet.116.236588. [3]. Gallo C, et al. Hop derived flavonoid xanthohumol inhibits endothelial cell functions via AMPK activation. Oncotarget. 2016 Aug 1. [4]. Chen PH, et al. The miR-204-3p-targeted IGFBP2 pathway is involved in xanthohumol-induced glioma cell apoptotic death. Neuropharmacology. 2016 Nov;110(Pt A):362-75. |
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Chemical & Physical Properties
| Density | 1.2±0.1 g/cm3 |
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| Boiling Point | 576.5±50.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
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| Melting Point | 157-159ºC |
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| Molecular Formula | C21H22O5 |
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| Molecular Weight | 354.396 |
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| Flash Point | 203.4±23.6 °C |
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| Exact Mass | 354.146729 |
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| PSA | 86.99000 |
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| LogP | 5.17 |
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| Vapour Pressure | 0.0±1.7 mmHg at 25°C |
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| Index of Refraction | 1.641 |
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| Storage condition | 2-8°C |
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| Water Solubility | ethanol: soluble10mg/mL |
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MSDS
Xanthohumol MSDS(Chinese) |
Safety Information
| Symbol |  
GHS07, GHS09 |
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| Signal Word | Warning |
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| Hazard Statements | H317-H400 |
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| Precautionary Statements | P273-P280 |
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| Hazard Codes | N: Dangerous for the environment; |
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| Risk Phrases | R50/53 |
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| Safety Phrases | 60-61 |
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| RIDADR | UN 3077 9 |
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| RTECS | UD5574117 |
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2. Packaging of materials
For powders: normal is 25kgs/Drum or bag, or larger/smaller package as request.
For liquids: normal 25kgs/drum, 180-300kgs/bucket, or IBC, determined by the nature of the product.
Or smaller package 1kg/bottle, 10kgs/bottle as request.
3. Shipping & Delivery
Provide door to door service
Suitable for goods under 50kg
Delivery: 3-7 days
Cost: low cost
Provide airport to airport service
Suitable for goods over 50kg
Delivery: 3-14 days
Cost: high cost
Provide seaport to seaport service
Suitable for goods over 100kg
Delivery: 2-45 days
Cost: low cost
4. Contact information
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