Sinapic acid is a naturally occurring hydroxycinnamic acid, a type of phenolic acid, found in various plants. It belongs to the family of compounds known as phenylpropanoids, which are derived from the amino acid phenylalanine. Sinapic acid is widely distributed in nature and can be found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, cereals, and seeds, particularly in the seeds of mustard, rapeseed, and other Brassica species.
Chemical Structure and Properties
Chemical Formula: C11H12O5
Molecular Weight: 224.21 g/mol
Structure: The chemical structure of sinapic acid includes a benzene ring substituted with a methoxy group (-OCH3) and a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 3rd and 5th positions, and an acrylic acid side chain (-CH=CH-COOH).
Appearance: Sinapic acid is usually a yellowish crystalline powder.
Solubility: Soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, methanol, and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO); slightly soluble in water.
Stability: Stable under normal conditions but should be stored away from light and moisture to prevent degradation.
Applications of Sinapic Acid
1. Antioxidant
2. Anti-inflammatory
3. Neuroprotective Agent
4. Antimicrobial Activity
5. Cancer Research
Safety and Handling
Toxicity: Sinapic acid is generally considered safe when used in appropriate amounts, especially in food and cosmetic products. However, high doses or prolonged use may require further evaluation for safety.
Handling: Standard precautions should be taken when handling sinapic acid in a laboratory or industrial setting, including the use of gloves, eye protection, and appropriate ventilation.
Storage: Should be stored in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture to maintain its stability.
Summary
Sinapic acid is a versatile phenolic compound with significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, and potential anticancer properties. It is widely used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries due to these beneficial effects. Its natural origin and broad range of applications make it a valuable component in various products aimed at promoting health and well-being.
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