Description of Phospholipase A2 from Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co.,Ltd
Basic Information of Phospholipase A2 |
Product Name | Phospholipase A2 |
CAS NO. | 9001-84-7 |
Apperance | White powder with slight fermentationsmell, no off-flavor |
Assay | 98% |
Pacakge | 1kg/Foil Bag, 25kg/ Box/carton |
MOQ | 1kg |
Storage | Cool and dry place |
Shelf Life | 2 Years |
Brand | Fortunachem |
Specifications(COA) of Phospholipase A2 CAS 9001-84-7
Items | Specifications | Results |
Appearance | White, grey or light yellow to brown powder with slight fermentation smell, no off-flavor, slight agglomeration allowed | White powder with slight fermentationsmell, no off-flavor |
Phospholipase u/g | ≥2900 | 2946 |
Moisture (%) | ≤8.0% | 5.3% |
Particle size (% pass 0.40mm screen) | ≥80% | 98% |
Pb (mg/kg) | ≤5.0 | n.d. |
As (mg/kg) | ≤3.0 | 0.0245 |
Total viable count CFU/g | ≤50000 | 100 |
Coliform (CFU/g) | ≤30 | ＜10 |
E. coli (CFU/g) | ＜10 | ＜10 |
Salmonella 25g | Not detectable | n.d. |
Labelling and packaging | Clear and unbroken | Clear and unbroken |
Conclusion | The product comforms to standard |
Introduction of Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is an enzyme that hydrolyzes the *sn-2* ester bond of glycerophospholipids, releasing arachidonic acid (precursor for inflammatory mediators) and lysophospholipids. It plays key roles in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and cell signaling. Major types include secreted PLA2 (digestion, venom toxicity), cytosolic PLA2 (eicosanoid production), calcium-independent PLA2 (membrane repair), and lipoprotein-associated PLA2 (linked to cardiovascular risk). Overactivation contributes to inflammatory diseases (arthritis, asthma), atherosclerosis, and neurodegeneration. PLA2 also serves as a biomarker (e.g., PLA2R antibodies in kidney disease) and therapeutic target (inhibitors for inflammation). Critical in both physiology and pathology.
Application of Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a key enzyme involved in the hydrolysis of phospholipids, playing critical roles in lipid metabolism, cell signaling, and inflammatory responses. Here's a detailed breakdown:
Structure and Function
1. Enzymatic Activity:
PLA2 cleaves the sn-2 ester bond of glycerophospholipids, releasing:
Free fatty acids (e.g., arachidonic acid, a precursor for inflammatory mediators).
Lysophospholipids (e.g., lysophosphatidylcholine).
This activity is crucial for membrane remodeling, lipid digestion, and generating signaling molecules.
2. Calcium Dependence:
Most PLA2 isoforms require calcium ions (Ca²⁺) for catalytic activity.
Types of PLA2
PLA2 enzymes are classified into several families based on structure, localization, and function:
1. Secreted PLA2 (sPLA2):
Low molecular weight, calcium-dependent enzymes secreted into extracellular spaces.
Roles:
Digestion of dietary lipids (e.g., pancreatic PLA2).
Host defense (e.g., in venom of snakes, bees, and scorpions).
Inflammation (e.g., Group IIA sPLA2 in arthritis and atherosclerosis).
2. Cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2):
Calcium-dependent, found in the cytosol of cells.
Preferentially hydrolyzes phospholipids containing arachidonic acid.
Role: Production of eicosanoids (prostaglandins, leukotrienes) that drive inflammation and immune responses.
3. Calcium-Independent PLA2 (iPLA2):
Do not require Ca²⁺.
Roles:
Membrane homeostasis and repair.
β-cell function in the pancreas (insulin secretion).
4. Lipoprotein-Associated PLA2 (Lp-PLA2):
Also called platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH).
Associated with low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in blood.
Biomarker: Elevated levels correlate with cardiovascular disease risk.
Biological and Pathological Roles
1. Inflammation:
PLA2 releases arachidonic acid, which is converted into pro-inflammatory eicosanoids.
Overactivation is linked to diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, and sepsis.
2. Digestion:
Pancreatic PLA2 aids in breaking down dietary fats in the intestine.
3. Cell Signaling:
Lysophospholipids act as signaling molecules in processes like apoptosis and cell proliferation.
4. Disease Associations:
Atherosclerosis: PLA2 contributes to LDL oxidation in arterial walls.
Neurodegeneration: Elevated PLA2 activity is observed in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.
Acute Pancreatitis: Premature activation of pancreatic PLA2 damages pancreatic tissue.
Clinical Significance
1. Diagnostic Marker:
Serum levels of PLA2 (e.g., PLA2R antibodies) are used to diagnose membranous nephropathy, a kidney disorder.
2. Therapeutic Targets:
Inhibitors:
Corticosteroids (indirectly suppress PLA2 via lipocortin proteins).
Synthetic inhibitors (e.g., varespladib) are being tested for inflammatory diseases.
Anti-venom therapies: Target venom-derived PLA2 in snakebites.
Key Takeaway
Phospholipase A2 is a versatile enzyme with dual roles in physiological processes (digestion, signaling) and pathological conditions (inflammation, disease). Its isoforms are important targets for drug development in inflammation, cardiovascular disease, and neurodegeneration.
FAQ From Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co.,Ltd |
Q | Can I get a sample for free ? |
A | For small QTY and low value product, we can provide sample for free exclude shipping cost. For high value sample, we will charge the basic sample cost, but we can refund all the cost if customers place order after sample test. |
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Q | How to confirm the product quality before placing orders ? |
A | Most of our products confirm to international standards like USP/EP/BP/JP/CP. We will provide COA/TDS/MSDS for customers to confirm the specification before placing order. |
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Q | What is the payment you accept? |
A | For small and low value order, we accept CreditCard, MaterCard,VISA,Western Union and T/T.For large order, we can do T/T and L/C. Any pay on delivery or pay-after are not available for us. |
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Q | What is your shipment way ? |
A | For less than 100kg gross weight order will ship with courier like FedEx or UPS, we support customers to place courier orders remotely by their account, we will package the goods well and wait for pick up.For more than 100kg goods, we will transport by Air or Sea according to customers' requirement. |
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Q | How long is your after-sales service? |
A | We accept customer’s quality complaint in three month after customer received the goods. We provide tech.support for all-life if customer place order from our company. |
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Q | How do you treat quality complaint ? |
A | We support customer to provide our products to any rightful third party testing organization to test our products according to the COA specification, if the test result is confirm with COA, we will take all the loss for customers. |
Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co.,Ltd established in 2006, is a big integrative chemical enterprise being engaged in Pharmaceutical and Intermediates, Food and Feed additives, Fine chemicals,Biochemical and Reagent, which is the members of Hubei E-commerce Chamber.
Our company has professional persons who major in chemical R&D and sicentific management, supply fine chemical products with high quality and close service, also supply custom-tailored products according to our clients' requirement.
We have a positive and self-motivated management work team with a common philosophy, caring and commitment through teamwork, our team strive to achieve success in delighting our clients and ourselves.
Since Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co., Ltd founded, we continuously innovate our products and improve our service, sales network. Hence, we initiate the first sale mode on net in China, which is the retail trade of small package bring along wholesale of diversified management modes. Our products are exported widely to South Korea, Vietnam, Australia, Europe and South America, highly recommended by our clients.We insist on the management creed “Market is our compass, Quality is our life, Credit is our soul”. Clients’ trust is our forward power, their satisfaction is our struggling goal.
Wuhan Fortuna Chemical Co.,Ltd is a professional manufacturer which provide Phospholipase A2 with good quality and best price, welcome to contact us to get COA/TDS/MSDS of Phospholipase A2.
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