MES Monohydrate (2-(N-Morpholino)ethanesulfonic Acid Monohydrate) is a zwitterionic biological buffer commonly used in biochemical and biomedical research due to its effective pH stabilization in the **5.5–6.7 range**. Key applications include:
1. Cell Culture & Molecular Biology
- Maintains stable pH in mammalian, bacterial, and plant cell cultures.
- Used in protein electrophoresis (e.g., SDS-PAGE) and chromatography (e.g., HPLC).
2. Protein & Enzyme Studies
- Preserves enzyme activity in low-pH assays (e.g., phosphatase or protease studies).
- Compatible with recombinant protein purification.
3. Diagnostic & Pharmaceutical Formulations
- Stabilizes pH in diagnostic reagents (e.g., ELISA, PCR buffers).
- Used in drug delivery systems requiring mild acidity.
4. Plant & Microbiology Research
- Buffers nutrient solutions in plant tissue culture.
- Maintains pH in bacterial fermentation (e.g., E. coli cultures).
5. Advantages Over Other Buffers
- Minimal metal ion interference & low UV absorbance (ideal for spectroscopy).
- Non-toxic and cell-compatible.