| General Description |
Colorless liquid. The boiling point is 157 ° C; the relative density is 0.819. Miscible in ethanol, propylene glycol and oil. There are light blue shoots breath, wine, fruit and fat flavor.
Naturally occurs in some fruits such as apples, strawberries, bitter oranges, also found in camphor oil, tea leaves, tobacco leaves, eucalyptus and coffee. It appears as colorless transparent liquid with fruit-like aroma at low concentration. Sweet; rapidly oxidized in the air; can have polymerization reaction upon contact with concentrated inorganic acid. Similar to normal fatty aldehydes, it can be oxidized to caproic acid and reduced to hexanol. |
| Uses |
- It often acts as part of the head incense used in fragrance base and formulated essential oil (such as geraniol oil). A trace of hexanol is used for violet, sweet-scented osmanthus, magnolia, ylang-type flavor to modify or increase the tender atmosphere, as well as used for edible coconut formula, berries and various types of fruit flavor. It is used as solvents and analytical reagents, also used in the pharmaceutical industry for preservatives and sleeping pills. The goods are listed in China's GB 2760-96. It is mainly used to prepare coconut and berry flavor and used for the production of surfactants, plasticizers, fatty alcohols and so on. It is also used for chromatography reagents and organic synthesis.
- Gas chromatography analysis standards. Lithium chloride was isolated from potassium chloride and sodium chloride. Solvent.
- In the synthesis of spices and the preparation of caproic acid; also used as gas chromatography reagents for Wittig and Aldol reactions.
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| Content Analysis |
Add 700 ml of newly distilled pyridine into a 1000 ml brown bottle with a glass stopper; add phthalic anhydride 11 5g with strong shaking to complete dissolution. Take the solution 25.0ml, adding into a bottle with heat pressure resistance. The bottle are tightly wrapped and fixed.Weigh the sample about 1 g with the weighing pipette; add it into the pressure bottle; stamped. The sample was fixed in a canvas bag, heated in a water bath at 98~100 ℃ for 3h, and let the water level in the water bath higher than the bottle level. After removal, cool it to room temperature; carefully open the stopper, and do not make a content loss. Add 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution 50.0ml (Note: This 50.0ml 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution is not included in the final calculation). Add 1% phenolphthalein 5 drops of pyridine solution, and then 0.5 mol/L sodium hydroxide solution to the pink end point and maintain 15 s unchanged. At the same time carry out a blank test. Per milliliter of sodium hydroxide solution 0.5mol/L is equivalent to alcohol (C6H14O) 51.09 mg. Or measured by non-polar column in GT-10-4 gas chromatography. |
| maximum level |
FEMA (mg/kg): soft drinks 6.6; cold drinks 26; candy 21; baked food 18; puddings 0.22 to 0.28.
Moderation (FDA § 172.515, 2000). |
| Preparation |
- Hexanol oxidation;
- Use calcium hexanoate and formic acid as the raw materials, heat and reflux them to obtain it.
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| Production methods |
(1) It is generally derived from acetic acid reduction in industry. Bromine butane and magnesium shards reaction obtains butyl magnesium bromide, and the butyl magnesium bromide reacted with ethylene oxide to get ethanol under laboratorial study.
(2) Via n-hexylic acid reduction. |
| Hazards & Safety Information |
Category: Flammable liquids
Toxic classification: Moderately hazardous
Acute toxicity
Oral-Rat LD50: 720 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 1950 mg/kg
Stimulation data: Skin-Rabbit 10 mg/24 h Mild; Eye-Rabbit 250 μg Severity.
Flammability characteristics: In case of fire, high temperature, strong oxidant flammable; combustion emissions to stimulate smoke
Storage and transport: Packaging integrity, light loading and unloading; Treasury ventilation, away from open flame, high temperature, stored separately from the oxidant.
Fire extinguishing agent: Foam, dry powder, carbon dioxide, sand. |
| Chemical Properties |
Colourless liquid (odour recognition threshold 0.09ppm) |
| Uses |
1-Hexanol was examined as a perturbing agent on actomyosin ATPase and and was found to modulate the function of actomyosin motor via intermediate-specific structural perturbation. |
| Definition |
ChEBI: A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. |
| Hazard |
Combustible. |
| Purification Methods |
The commercial material usually contains other alcohols which are difficult to remove. A suitable method is to esterify with hydroxybenzoic acid, recrystallise the ester and saponify. [Olivier Recl Trav Chim, Pays-Bas 55 1027 1936.] Drying agents include K2CO3 and CaSO4, followed by filtration and distillation. (Some decomposition to the olefin occurs when Al amalgam is used as drying agent at room temperature, even if the amalgam is removed prior to distillation.) If the alcohol is required anhydrous, the redistilled material can be refluxed with the appropriate alkyl phthalate or succinate, as described under Ethanol. [Beilstein 1 IV 1694.] |
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