Betaine

$ 6.00 /25KG

Min. Order25KG
Purity99%
Cas No107-43-7
Supply Ability20T
Update time2019-07-06

career henan chemical co

7YR

China

Chemical Properties

Product Name	Betaine
CAS No	107-43-7
EC-No	203-490-6
Min. Order	25KG
Purity	99%
Supply Ability	20T
Release date	2019/07/06

CR025

Betaine Basic information

Physical and Chemical Properties Feed additives Efficient active methyl donor Chemical Properties Uses Production method

Product Name:	Betaine
Synonyms:	N-TRIMETHYLGLYCINE HYDROXIDE;OXYNEURINE;TRIMETHYLGLYCINE;TRIMETHYLGLYCOCOLL;(CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE ANHYDRIDE;(CARBOXYMETHYL)TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM HYDROXIDE INNER SALT;BET;BETAINE
CAS:	107-43-7
MF:	C5H11NO2
MW:	117.15
EINECS:	203-490-6
Product Categories:	Ammonium Polyhalides, etc. (Quaternary);Quaternary Ammonium Compounds;Vitamin Ingredients;BiochemicalsMolecular Biology;PCR OptimizationMolecular Biology;Molecular Biology;Molecular Biology Reagents;PCR Reaction Components;PCR/Amplification;fine chemicals, specialty chemicals, intermediates, electronic chemical, organic synthesis, feed additive;chemical reagent;pharmaceutical intermediate;phytochemical;reference standards from Chinese medicinal herbs (TCM).;standardized herbal extract;feed additives;pharm intermediate
Mol File:	107-43-7.mol

Betaine Chemical Properties

Melting point	301-305 °C (dec.)
density	1.00 g/mL at 20 °C
FEMA	4223 \| BETAINE
storage temp.	2-8°C
solubility	methanol: 0.1 g/mL, clear
form	Crystals or Crystalline Powder
pka	1.83(at 0℃)
color	colorless
Water Solubility	160 g/100 mL
Sensitive	Hygroscopic
Merck	14,1179
BRN	3537113
Stability:	Stable. Hygroscopic. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
InChIKey	KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS DataBase Reference	107-43-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	Methanaminium, 1-carboxy-n,n,n-trimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt(107-43-7)
EPA Substance Registry System	Methanaminium, 1-carboxy-N,N,N-trimethyl-, inner salt(107-43-7)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	Xn
Risk Statements	20/21/22-36/37/38
Safety Statements	24/25-36-26
WGK Germany	3
RTECS	DS5900000
F	3-10
TSCA	Yes
HS Code	29239000
Hazardous Substances Data	107-43-7(Hazardous Substances Data)

Betaine Usage And Synthesis

Physical and Chemical Properties	Betaine is also known as trimethylamine, and is the quaternary ammonium derivatives of glycine and a class of N-methyl-compound or trimethyl inner salt after the hydrogen of the amino group being substituted by the methyl group. Common kinds include glycyl betaine, β-alanyl-betaine and prolyl-betaine. We can obtain prismatic crystals or leaf-shaped crystals from ethanol, is sweet taste, and deliquescent. Melting point: 293 °C; it will decomposed at 300 °C. It is soluble in water, methanol and ethanol, but insoluble in ether, and can be isomerized into dimethylamino methyl acetate at the melting point. We can obtain its monohydrate crystal from the aqueous solution of the free acid HO-N (CH3) 3-CH2COOH which generates betaine upon dehydration at 100 °C, and is stable in acid. It can obtain trimethylamine upon reaction with concentrated aqueous potassium hydroxide and can have Maillard reaction with sugar (browning reaction). It is presented in plant such as cottonseed and beetroot as well as in animal substance such as barbed shark meat and crab refined juice. It can be recycled from the mother liquor of beet sugar. It may also be obtained from the methylation reaction of amino acetate or the reaction between chloroacetate with trimethylamine. Clinically it is used in combination with N-amidino glycine for treatment of myasthenia gravis. In analytic chemistry, it can also be used as the reagent for identifying gold. This product is the amphoteric surfactants of betaine used as a leveling agent for vat dyes dying. Drought or salt stress, many plants can accumulate betaine inside their body and become a major organic solutes for osmotic adjustment and have a further protective effect on cell membrane and cellular proteins. The above information is edited by the Chemicalbook of Dai Xiongfeng.
Feed additives	Betaine is a natural compound, and belonging to a kind of quaternary ammonium alkaloids. The name of this substance is because of that it is first extracted from sugar beet. It has been over 50 years since it has been used as a feed additive. It has attracted much attention due to its important of in protein metabolism and lipid metabolism of animals, and has been widely applied. Adding to the chicken feed can increase the amount of broiler carcass quality and chest quantity and also improve the food palatability and utilization rate. Increased feed intake and daily gain is the main component of palatability of aquatic attractant. It can also improve the feed rate of piglet, and thus promoting its growth. It has another important feature as a kind of osmotic pressure regulator which can alleviate the stress of gastrointestinal and increase the viability of juvenile shrimp and fish seedlings under the variation of various stress conditions, such as: cold, heat, disease, and weaning in living conditions. Betaine has a protective effect on the stability of VA and VB and can further improve their application efficacy without having the irritation effect of betaine hydrochloride at the same time.
Efficient active methyl donor	Betaine is widely presented in plants and animals with beet containing the highest content among plants. In animal body, betaine is acted as a highly active methyl donor which plays a important role in regulating the metabolism of methyl group, and can partially substitute the methionine and choline, and thus promoting fat metabolism, improving feed palatability, alleviating heat stress, regulating the osmotic pressure of the body, and maintaining the stability of the vitamin premix for improving farming efficiency. Inside animal bodies, betaine provide methyl group to cysteine, generating methionine which is further converted into S-adenosine methionine, and further transferring methyl group then to DNA, RNA, protein, creatine, lipids and other important methyl-containing ingredients. Methyl group is very unstable and can’t be synthesized by animals themselves but can only rely on food supply. The efficiency of betaine of providing methyl group is 1.2 times as high as choline chloride, and 3.8 times as high as methionine. Choline itself can’t act as a methyl donor which must be first transported to the mitochondria for oxidation into betaine and finally released into the cytoplasm before being able to act as a methyl donor. Studies have shown: Adding 1.25 kg of this product at per ton of pig feed has no effect on growth, development and feed efficiency, but causing 15% decrease in back fat content and increasing the tenderloin quantity in cross-sectional area, improving carcass meat; adding betaine to chicken feed can reduce the necessary amount of dietary methionine. During the initial phase of broiler feed, adding 750 g of betaine pre ton of feed can substitute 1.5 kg of methionine, and adding 450 g of betaine can substitute 1 kg of methionine during the latter phase. Betaine also has effects on prevention and treatment of fatty liver of pigs, chickens and fish.
Chemical Properties	It is colorless crystals or white crystalline powder, odorless, and has a sweet taste. Melting point: 293 °C (decomposition). It is highly deliquescent. 1g of this product can be dissolved in 0.63 g of water, 1.8g of methanol, and 11.5g of ethanol. It is slightly soluble in ether. Concentrated alkaline can lead to its decomposition and release of trimethylamine. Male rats: orally LD50:11.2g/kg, female rats by oral LD50:11.15g/kg.
Uses	1. Adding betaine to the feed has protective effects on the vitamins contained in the feed, also makes feed be tolerable to high temperature and can subject to long-term storage, and thus greatly improving feed utilization rate as well as reducing the costs. Adding 0.05% betaine to the chicken feed can substitute 0.1% methionine; adding betaine to the bait have palatability effect on both fishes and shrimp, thus betaine can be used as the swelling agent of aquatic product in large amount. Adding betaine to the pig feed added betaine can increase the appetite of pigs and increase the rate of lean meat. 1kg Betaine is equivalent to 3.5kg of methionine. The ability to provide methyl of betaine is 1.2 times as strong as that of choline chloride, and 3.8 times as strong as that of methionine with a very significant feed efficiency. 2. It is used as betaine type amphoteric surfactants, also used as leveling agent of dye vat dyes. 3. It can be used as feed grade anhydrous betaine for being as a feed additive. It is a natural and efficient methyl donor which can partially substitute methionine and choline chloride, lower the feed costs, reduce back-fat of pig, and increase the rate lean meat and carcass quality. 4. It can be used for lowering blood pressure, anti-fatty liver and anti-aging. 5. It can be used as a feed additive for promoting animal growth and increased disease resistance.
Production method	It is recycled from beet sugar mother liquor, and can also be used for synthetic production. 1. Extraction method. The mother liquor of beet sugar contains 12%-15% of the betaine, which can directly used for recycle. Heat 300 parts of the mother liquor to 50 °C, add 80 parts of calcium chloride, stir and filter while hot for a certain time. The filtrate was acidified with hydrochloric acid after cooling for crystallization at 20-30 °C, after separation, dry to obtain 30 parts of betaine. 2. Synthesis method through the quaternization between chloroacetate and trimethylamine. Use 16% sodium hydroxide solution for neutralization of 195 parts of 48.6% aqueous solution of chloroacetate into sodium chloroacetate and then mix with 360 parts of 16.4% trimethylamine for ventilation at 50 °C for 1h, then ventilate at 80 °C for 1 h. The reaction was diluted and further adhered by ion exchange resin (Dowex-50-8) with ammonia elution to obtain the betaine solution. It further undergoes vacuum concentration and crystallization to obtain the final product.
Chemical Properties	White cryst. powder
Definition	ChEBI: The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.

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