Also known as cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a polypeptide of 157 amino acids glycosylated. The mature IL-10 is an homodimer linked by two intrachain disulfide bridges (each sub-unit is 157 aa). IL-10 is produced by innate and non-innate cells, it is a cytokine of the innate and adaptive immunity. The mammalian cells known to secrete IL-10 are NK cells, cytotoxic T cells, memory Th1 and Th2 cells, macrophages monocytes, B cells, dendritic cells, hepatic stellates, keratinocytes, and fetal erythroblasts. IL-10 is a cytokine with multiple pleiotropic effects in immunoregulation and inflammation. IL-10 is characterized like anti-inflammatory cytokine: It represses the expression of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-6 and IL-1β, in macrophage. IL-10 is an immunoregulation cytokine and negative regulate Th1 responses by downmodulating antigen presenting capacity of APC. Due to its central function, a dysregulation of the production of the lL-10 is implicated in asthma or autoimmune diseases. IL-10 is currently studied in immuno-oncology. [Bertin Catalog No. A05414]
