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Branched fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFAs) are newly identified endogenous lipids regulated by fasting and high-fat feeding and associated with insulin sensitivity in mice.¹ Structurally these esters are comprised of a C-16 or C-18 fatty acid (e.g., palmitoleic, palmitic, oleic, or stearic acid) linked to either a C-16 or C-18 hydroxy substituent. 5-OAHSA is a FAHFA in which oleic acid is esterified at the 5^th carbon of hydroxy stearic acid. Among the FAHFA family members, OAHSAs are the most abundantly expressed in the serum of glucose tolerant AG4OX mice, which overexpress the Glut4 glucose transporter specifically in adipose tissue.¹

5-OAHSA (1-(3-Carboxypropyl)tetradecyl (9Z)-9-octadecenoate) is a endogenous lipid. 5-OAHSA reduces the level of blood glucose, improves the glucose tolerance, and stimulates the the secretion of GLP-1 and insulin. 5-OAHSA exhibits potential in regulating metabolic and inflammatory responses[1].

1. Yore, M.M., Syed, I., Moraes-Vieira, P.M., et al. Discovery of a class of endogenous mammalian lipids with anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects Cell 159(2),318-332(2014).