Arachidonoyl LPA

1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid is a phospholipid containing arachidonic acid at the sn-1 position. It has been found in rat brain as 37% of the arachidonic acid-containing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species and is a precursor to 1-arachidonoyl glycerol (1-AG; ). 1-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidic acid binds to the LPA₂/EDG4 receptor with an EC₅₀ value of approximately 10 nM. It prevents TNF-α and IL-6 secretion in wild-type but not Lpa2^-/- dendritic cells stimulated by LPS. It also decreases differentiation of HT-29 human colon carcinoma cells to goblet cells in the presence of sodium butyrate.

Glycerophospholipids act as regulators of various enzyme activities, and can be used as biological markers to indicate pathological states.