Monomethylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9Me1) is found at euchromatin regions of silenced genes and is correlated with gene repression. Recognition of H3K9Me1 by the H3K9 demethylases GLP and G9a is essential to embryonic stem cell differentiation and viability in mice. Cytoplasmic localization of H3K9Me1 is associated with reduced disease-specific mortality risk in patients with oral and/or oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
