Resolvins are a family of potent lipid mediators derived from both eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; ) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; ). In addition to being anti-inflammatory, resolvins promote the resolution of the inflammatory response back to a non-inflamed state. Resolvin D2 (RvD2) is produced physiologically from the sequential oxygenation of DHA by 15- and 5-lipoxygenase and functions to dampen excessive neutrophil trafficking to sites of inflammation. It reduces zymosan-stimulated PMN infiltration by 70% at doses as low as 10 pg per mouse and significantly reduces PAF-stimulated leukocyte adherence and emigration at 1 nM. Also, by stimulating nitric oxide production, RvD2 dose dependently decreases leukocyte-endothelial interactions. In a mouse model of sepsis, RvD2 reduces leukocyte and PMN infiltration, decreases production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and promotes phagocyte-mediated bacterial clearance. Analytical and biological comparisons of synthetic RvD2 with endogenously derived RvD2 have confirmed its identity as matching the natural product.
ChEBI: Resolvin D2 is a member of the class of resolvins that is (4Z,8E,10Z,12E,14E,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid carrying three hydroxy substituents at positions 7, 16 and 17 (the 7S,16R,17S-stereoisomer). It has a role as a human xenobiotic metabolite, an anti-inflammatory agent, an estrogen receptor agonist, an anti-obesity agent and a rat metabolite. It is a resolvin, a triol, a secondary allylic alcohol and a hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid. It is a conjugate acid of a resolvin D2(1-).
