X-C motif chemokine receptor 1, part of the G protein-coupled superfamily, is expressed by a subset of dendritic cells and acts as a receptor for chemokines XCL1 and XCL2. XCR1-positive dendritic cells cross-present antigens to naïve CD8+ T cells, priming them to become activated cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. In mouse models, the XCL1-XCR1 signaling axis was shown to be involved in the formation of self-tolerance through the development of Treg cells within the thymus.
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