The NPY2R (neuropeptide Y receptor Y2) gene is mapped to human chromosome 4q32.1 and codes for a G-protein-coupled receptor. NPY2R is predominantly expressed in central nervous system including hypothalamus, brain stem, hippocampus, lateral septum and amygdala. NPY2 receptors are also distributed in the liver, spleen, intestine, adipose tissue and muscle.
NPY2R (neuropeptide Y receptor Y2) acts as a presynaptic autoreceptor and heteroreceptor. It regulates the release of both endogenous NPY and neurotransmitters such as glutamate and γ–aminobutyric acid (GABA). NPY exerts its anxiolytic function via the NPY2R. Deletion of NPY2R results in retardation of the anticonvulsant actions of NPY. NPY2R plays an important role in the process of bone formation.
