γ1-MSH (human, mouse, rat, bovine) (trifluoroacetate salt)

γ1-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (γ1-MSH) is a peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland.1 It selectively binds to melanocortin receptor 1 (MC1R) and MC3R over MC4R and MC5R (Kis = 0.025, 0.063, >100, and >100 µM, respectively, in insect cells expressing the human receptors) but also binds to opioid receptors in rat brain tissue homogenates (IC50 = 5.9 µM).2,3 γ1-MSH (10 µM) inhibits contractions induced by the neuropeptide FMRF-amide in isolated M. edulis catch muscle.4 Intracisternal administration of γ1-MSH (0.3 nmol/animal) increases the latency to tail flick in the tail-flick test and inhibits haloperidol-induced catalepsy in mice.5 γ1-MSH (0.01 nmol/animal) also inhibits LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) release in mouse forebrain in vivo.2WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.

[1] STANISLAV S. RUBAKHIN. Profiling Signaling Peptides in Single Mammalian Cells Using Mass Spectrometry[J]. Analytical Chemistry, 2006, 78 20: 7267-7272. DOI: 10.1021/ac0607010
[2] RUTA MUCENIECE . The MC3 receptor binding affinity of melanocortins correlates with the nitric oxide production inhibition in mice brain inflammation model[J]. Peptides, 2006, 27 6: Pages 1443-1450. DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2005.12.002
[3] SHOGO OKI . ‘γ-MSH’ fragments from ACTH-β-LPH precursor have an affinity for opiate receptors[J]. European journal of pharmacology, 1980, 64 2: Pages 161-164. DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(80)90039-4
[4] YOJIRO MUNEOKA  Hitoshi S. Pharmacology of fmrfamide in Mytilus catch muscle[J]. Comparative biochemistry and physiology. C: Comparative pharmacology, 1986, 85 1: Pages 207-214. DOI: 10.1016/0742-8413(86)90075-7
[5] V. KLUSA . The g2-MSH peptide mediates a central analgesic effect via a GABA-ergic mechanism that is independent from activation of melanocortin receptors[J]. Neuropeptides, 2001, 35 1: Pages 50-57. DOI: 10.1054/npep.2000.0843