This gene encodes a member of a heteromeric, sodium-independent, anionic amino acid transport system that is highly specific for cysteine and glutamate. In this system, designated Xc(-), the anionic form of cysteine is transported in exchange for glutamate. This protein has been identified as the predominant mediator of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus fusion and entry permissiveness into cells. Also, increased expression of this gene in primary gliomas (compared to normal brain tissue) was associated with increased glutamate secretion via the XCT channels, resulting in neuronal cell death.
Solute carrier family 7, membrane 11 (SLC7A11) or xCT participates in glutathione homeostasis, th at helps to guard the cells against oxidative stress. It is involved in the pathogenesis of malignant tumors. SLC7A11 is associated with triple negative breast cancer and glioblastoma (GBM).
