hexafluorophosphate

An iridium complex precursor (0.96 g, 0.65 mmol) and 4,4′-di-tert-butyl-2,2′-dipyridine (0.43 g, 1.6 mmol) were added to a dry 250 mL three-necked round-bottom flask. The flask was placed in a reflux condenser, evacuated, and purged with nitrogen three times. Strictly degassed ethylene glycol (45 mL) was added as the reaction solvent via a syringe. The reaction mixture was then heated to 150 °C and stirred at this temperature for 16 h. After the reaction was complete, the flask was brought to room temperature, and the mixture was diluted with water (300 mL) and n-hexane (300 mL). The aqueous phase was separated and back-extracted with n-hexane (2 × 300 mL). The aqueous phase was poured into a 500 mL Erlenmeyer flask equipped with a stir bar and heated and stirred at 80 °C for 1 h to remove residual hexane.

The reaction flask was brought to room temperature, and then an aqueous solution of potassium hexafluorophosphate (7 g dissolved in 70 mL of water) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred for several hours. The mixture was allowed to stand at 5 °C for 1 hour, and the precipitate was collected by vacuum filtration with water (150 mL) and n-hexane (100 mL). The collected yellow precipitate was dried under high vacuum at 70 °C for 12 h, and finally recrystallized from dichloromethane/n-hexane to obtain (4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine)bis[3,5-difluoro-2-[5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl-KN)phenylKC]IRID.

1. Visible light photoredox-catalyzed cascade cyclizations of α-bromochalcones or α-bromocinnamates with heteroarenes.
2. Enantioselective α-benzylation of aldehydes via photoredox organocatalysis.

[4,4''-Bis(tert-butyl)-2,2''-bipyridine]bis[3,5-difluoro-2-[5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinyl]phenyl]iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate is commonly used as a catalyst in the synthesis of various compounds such as saturated N-heterocycles from aldehydes, fosmidomycin analogue, and many more.

(Ir[dF(CF₃)ppy]₂(dtbpy))PF₆ is a cyclometalated iridium(III) complex that can be used in visible-light mediated photocatalytic organic transformations.It has been used to achieve late-stage incorporation of alkyl groups to a variety of biologically active heterocycles.

core: iridium
reagent type: catalyst
reaction type: Photocatalysis