4-[5-(4-Butylcyclohexyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-pyridinehydrochloride

PSN 375963 is a potent GPR119 agonist, with EC50s of 8.4 and 7.9 μM for human and mouse GPR119, respectively. PSN 375963 shows similar potency to the endogenous agonist oleoylethanolamide (OEA)[1][2].

PSN-375963 is a GPR119 partial agonist. GPR119 is an orphan GPCR, expressed predominantly in pancreas and GI tract, that has been characterized. Its endogenous ligands are oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and oleoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine, lipid signaling molecules that regulate food intake and body weight. OEA decreases food intake, so GPR119 agonists are potential therapies for obesity. Initial studies showed that PSN-375963 has similar potency and partial efficacy compared to OEA. Further studies revealed that although OEA and PSN-375963 are GPR119 agonists, they have divergent effects on insulin secretion, calcium signaling, and cAMP production.

[1] Overton HA, et al. Deorphanization of a G protein-coupled receptor for oleoylethanolamide and its use in the discovery of small-molecule hypophagic agents. Cell Metab. 2006;3(3):167-175. DOI:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.02.004
[2] Ning Y, et al. Endogenous and synthetic agonists of GPR119 differ in signalling pathways and their effects on insulin secretion in MIN6c4 insulinoma cells. Br J Pharmacol. 2008;155(7):1056-1065. DOI:10.1038/bjp.2008.337