Toll-like receptor 9 is a protein encoded by the TLR9 gene in humans. It is a cellular DNA-receptor and is widely expressed in breast as well as other cancers. It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and has an impact on organ involvement in SLE. Expression of TLR-9 is a good indicator and helps in distinguishing cancer patients from benign and normal controls. TLR9 plays a crutial role in sensing a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi and viruses. Dysregulation of its signaling may contribute to a higher risk of developing cancers.
